Epidemiology of Candidemia: Three-Year Results from a Croatian Tertiary Care Hospital

Mareković, Ivana; Pleško, Sanja; Vranješ, Violeta Rezo; Herljević, Zoran; Kuliš, Tomislav; Jandrlić, Marija

doi:10.3390/jof7040267

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Salah satu contoh penyakit yang paling banyak disebabkan oleh infeksi jamur adalah kandiasis. Kandiasis diperkirakan terjadi sebanyak 700.000 kasus setiap tahunnya (Mareković et al, 2021). Kandiasis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Candida albicans yang ditandai dengan gejala munculnya ruam merah yang utamanya menyerang kulit, area yang paling sering terinfeksi yaitu daerah lipatan paha, sela jari kaki dan ketiak (Wibowo et al, 2017).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Aktivitas Antijamur dari Bakteri Sedimen Mangrove Terhadap Candida albicans dan Malassezia furfur

2022

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Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur are fungal pathogens that can cause skin infections. This disease can be easily transmitted from one individual to another. The use of antibiotic drugs can cause pathogenic fungi to become resistant. Therefore, there is a need for the development of new antifungal substances, one of which comes from mangrove sediment bacteria. This research was conducted with the aim of obtaining bacterial isolats from mangrove sediments that have the ability to fight the fungal pathogens Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur. The method in this research is descriptive exploratory laboratory which includes isolation sampling and isolat purification, morphological characterization, screening, antifungal activity test and biochemical test. The results of this study were obtained 3 bacterial isolats that have antifungal activity against the fungal pathogens Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur. The results of the identification of biochemical tests showed that the isolat S.ISP2 was identified as the genus Pseudomonas; isolat S.ISP4 identified as Genus Moraxella; and isolat KJ.MA1 identified as Genus Vibrio Candida albicans dan Malassezia furfur merupakan patogen jamur yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit infeksi kulit. Penyakit ini dapat dengan mudah ditularkan dari satu individu ke individu lainnya. Penggunaan obat antibiotik dapat mengakibatkan jamur patogen menjadi resisten. Oleh karena itum eprlunya ada pengembangan zat antijamur baru yang salah satunya berasal dari bakteri sedimen mangrove. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan bakteri isolat dari sedimen mangrove yang memiliki kemampuan untuk melawan jamur patogen Candida albicans dan Malassezia furfur. Metode pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif eksploratif laboratory yang meliputi sampling isolasi dan purifikasi isolat, karakterisasi morfologi, skrining, uji aktivitas antijamur dan uji biokimia. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah didapatkan 3 bakteri isolat yang memiliki aktivitas antijamur terhadap jamur patogen Candida albicans dan Malassezia furfur. Hasil identifikasi uji biokimia menunjukkan bahwa isolat S.ISP2 teridentifikasi sebagai Genus Pseudomonas; isolat S.ISP4 teridentifikasi sebagai Genus Moraxella; dan isolat KJ.MA1 teridentifikasi sebagai Genus Vibrio.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Aktivitas Antijamur dari Bakteri Sedimen Mangrove Terhadap Candida albicans dan Malassezia furfur

2022

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“…An improper treatment of these infections can lead to the fungi spreading from the surface of the body to the internal organs (kidneys, heart, brain) and to the blood, causing deadly invasive infections or candidemia [3]. Worldwide, the incidence of invasive Candida infections is increasing (700,000 cases annually), and is associated with considerable mortality [2,4]. The antagonistic augmentation of case numbers and geographical spread by the end of 2020 [5] requires an increased effort from scientists to promote appropriate prevention, protection and therapeutic systems, and to combat candidiasis in early stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan-Based Therapeutic Systems for Superficial Candidiasis Treatment. Synergetic Activity of Nystatin and Propolis

Humelnicu¹,

Samoilă²,

Cojocaru³

et al. 2022

Polymers

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The paper deals with new approaches to chitosan (CS)-based antifungal therapeutic formulations designed to fulfill the requirements of specific applications. Gel-like formulations were prepared by mixing CS dissolved in aqueous lactic acid (LA) solution with nystatin (NYS) powder and/or propolis (PRO) aqueous solution dispersed in glycerin, followed by water evaporation to yield flexible mesoporous (pore widths of 2–4 nm) films of high specific surfaces between 1 × 103 and 1.7 × 103 m2/g. Morphological evaluation of the antifungal films showed uniform dispersion and downsizing of NYS crystallites (with initial sizes up to 50 μm). Their mechanical properties were found to be close to those of soft tissues (Young’s modulus values between 0.044–0.025 MPa). The films presented hydration capacities in physiological condition depending on their composition, i.e., higher for NYS-charged (628%), as compared with PRO loaded films (118–129%). All NYS charged films presented a quick release for the first 10 min followed by a progressive increase of the release efficiency at 48.6%, for the samples containing NYS alone and decreasing values with increasing amount of PRO to 45.9% and 42.8% after 5 h. By in vitro analysis, the hydrogels with acidic pH values around 3.8 were proven to be active against Candida albicans and Candida glabrata species. The time-killing assay performed during 24 h on Candida albicans in synthetic vagina-simulative medium showed that the hydrogel formulations containing both NYS and PRO presented the faster slowing down of the fungal growth, from colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL of 1.24 × 107 to CFU/mL < 10 (starting from the first 6 h).

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“…Superficial mycotic infections caused by Candida species often affect the mucocutaneous tissues (oral or vulvovaginal mucosa) [ 4 , 5 ]. This is why the challenge of the last decades was concerned with designing new therapeutic systems for candidiasis treatment from the initial stage, in order to prevent fungal spreading in the bloodstream and internal organs [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Physically and/or Chemically Modified Chitosan Hydrogels for Proficient Release of Insoluble Nystatin in Simulated Fluids

Enache¹,

Cojocaru²,

Samoilă³

et al. 2022

Gels

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To avoid fungal spreading in the bloodstream and internal organs, many research efforts concentrate on finding appropriate candidiasis treatment from the initial stage. This paper proposes chitosan-based physically or chemically cross-linked hydrogels aimed to provide sustained release of micronized nystatin (NYSm) antifungal drug, known for its large activity spectrum. Nystatin was demonstrated itself to provide hydrodynamic/mechanic stability to the chitosan hydrogel through hydrophobic interactions and H-bonds. For chemical cross-linking of the succinylated chitosan, a non-toxic diepoxy-functionalized siloxane compound was used. The chemical structure and composition of the hydrogels, also their morphology, were evidenced by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The hydrogels presented mechanical properties which mimic those of the soft tissues (elastic moduli < 1 MPa), necessary to ensure matrix accommodation and bioadhesion. Maximum swelling capacities were reached by the hydrogels with higher succinic anhydride content at both pH 7.4 (429%) and pH 4.2 (471%), while higher amounts of nystatin released in the simulative immersion media (57% in acidic pH and 51% in pH 7.4) occurred from the physical cross-linked hydrogel. The release mechanism by non-swellable matrix diffusion and the susceptibility of three Candida strains make all the hydrogel formulations effective for NYSm local delivery and for combating fungal infections.

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Epidemiology of Candidemia: Three-Year Results from a Croatian Tertiary Care Hospital

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Aktivitas Antijamur dari Bakteri Sedimen Mangrove Terhadap Candida albicans dan Malassezia furfur

Aktivitas Antijamur dari Bakteri Sedimen Mangrove Terhadap Candida albicans dan Malassezia furfur

Chitosan-Based Therapeutic Systems for Superficial Candidiasis Treatment. Synergetic Activity of Nystatin and Propolis

Evaluation of Physically and/or Chemically Modified Chitosan Hydrogels for Proficient Release of Insoluble Nystatin in Simulated Fluids

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