2011
DOI: 10.1097/meg.0b013e3283484795
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Epidemiology of cancer from the oral cavity and oropharynx

Abstract: The classification of sites in tumors of the oral cavity, oropharynx, pharynx, and hypopharynx varies in the literature. More than 90% of these tumors of the mucosal lining are classified as squamous cell carcinoma developed from premalignant lesions such as leukoplakia and erythroleukoplakia. These carcinomas are associated to environmental and lifestyle risk factors, among which tobacco and alcohol play a major role. In addition to tobacco smoking, tobacco chewing is another risk factor as well as chewing be… Show more

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Cited by 212 publications
(157 citation statements)
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“…A large number of studies have confirmed the roles of tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking and betel quid chewing in aetiology (Lambert et al, 2011). Infection with Human papillomavirus (HPV) has also been shown to be a major risk factor for oral cancer in recent studies (Kreimer et al, 2005).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…A large number of studies have confirmed the roles of tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking and betel quid chewing in aetiology (Lambert et al, 2011). Infection with Human papillomavirus (HPV) has also been shown to be a major risk factor for oral cancer in recent studies (Kreimer et al, 2005).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…The incidence rate in males exceeds 20 per 100,000 in regions of Hong Kong, the Indian subcontinent, parts of Europe and among African Americans in the United States [3]. In Europe, there were approximately 250,000 cases and 63,500 deaths in 2012 [4].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral and maxillofacial malignancy (Lambert et al 2011). Currently, the morbidity and mortality rates of OSCC are still high in most countries.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%