Epidemiology of animal poisoning: An overview on the features and spatio-temporal distribution of the phenomenon in the north-eastern Italian regions

During the period from 2014 to 2017, a retrospective study on pesticide poisoning in domestic animals and livestock was compiled and then analyzed. A total of 71 pesticide analyses have been submitted to the Pharmacy and Toxicology Laboratory of the School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet in Tunisia. All the cases were first referred either through the clinical and/or pathological departments of the Veterinary School, the private and/or governmental veterinarians or directly by the pet owners. Among the total number of the suspected samples, 21 (29.6%) cases were found positive for various kinds of pesticides. Carbamate insecticides were the most frequently implicated pesticide (52.4% of the total positive cases), followed by organophosphate insecticides (19%), then rodenticides-anticoagulants and rodenticides non-anticoagulants (14.3% each). Therefore, carbamates and organophosphates are the most implicated group of pesticides in intoxications (71.4%). Among the 21 positive cases were 11 dogs, 4 cats, 3 poultry, 2 ruminants, and 1 case of bee poisoning. Partition chromatography (HPLC) has been used to characterize the incriminated pesticides. The aim of this survey was to determine incidence and characteristics of pesticide poisoning in domestic and farm animals in Tunisia. The reported results are useful for epidemiological cartography and medical management of intoxicated animals.

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“…This trend of poisoning with cholinesterase inhibitors (71.4%) was reported in other countries (1, 2, 5).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…An analogous scenario was reported in European countries (2), such as France (19), Spain (20), Austria (1), Italy (5), and the United States of America (21). Unlike cats, dogs are not very demanding about their eating habits.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Animal Pesticide Poisoning in Tunisia

et al. 2019

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“…Comparing the number of events registered in our study to those detected in other Italian regions, it is possible to assume that the number of confirmed metaldehyde poisonings is similar. A recent study reported a total of 171 positive cases for this molluscicide, analysing the distribution of the phenomenon in the north-eastern Italian regions during a seven-year period ( 4 ). If compared with results from other countries, the number of positive samples is lower than those reported by Bates et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metaldehyde poisoning of companion animals: a three-year retrospective study

Roma

Miletti

D’Alessio

et al. 2017

Journal of Veterinary Research

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IntroductionIntentional and accidental poisoning of animals is often caused by readily available commercial pesticides, such as the molluscicide metaldehyde. A retrospective analysis of suspected metaldehyde poisonings between 2014 and 2016 in Italy was conducted.Material and MethodsBiological matrices were collected for toxicological analyses in the course of routine Institute activity. A total of 183 organs from dogs and cats and 49 pieces of bait, here specifically poisoned food used to lure animals, were analysed and the presence of metaldehyde was confirmed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS).ResultsA high content of metaldehyde was demonstrated in the analysed samples from dogs and cats: 50 (27.3%) animals were found positive for metaldehyde intoxication together with 17 pieces of bait.ConclusionThe study emphasised the need for the control of metaldehyde use by the veterinary service.

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“…Unfortunately, the excessive use of these agricultural pesticides causes their penetration into ecosystems and can compromise the health and even survival of many biological species (Encarnacao et al, 2019;Klich et al, 2020;Krief et al, 2017;Plaza et al, 2019). Also, deliberate abuse of pesticides to poison wildlife occurs throughout the world (Bille et al, 2016;Fajardo et al, 2012;Hernandez and Margalida, 2008;Motas-Guzman et al, 2003;Ntemiri et al, 2018;Ogada, 2014;Ruiz-Suarez et al, 2015). Therefore, in wildlife samples, it is also interesting to monitor not only legal but also frequently employed banned compounds (Luzardo et al, 2014c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro QuEChERS-based method for the simultaneous biomonitoring in whole blood of 360 toxicologically relevant pollutants for wildlife

Rial-Berriel

Acosta-Dacal

Zumbado

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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• Validation of a method for the simultaneous quantification of 360 toxic chemicals in whole blood • One-step acetate buffered micro QuEChERS using acidified acetonitrile yielded recoveries N70%. • Only 250 μl of sample and quantification at the sub-ppb level makes it suitable for biomonitoring. • Verified in a series of 36 barn owls and 112 common kestrels, which test positive for 3-25 pollutants

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Epidemiology of animal poisoning: An overview on the features and spatio-temporal distribution of the phenomenon in the north-eastern Italian regions

Cited by 29 publications

References 28 publications

Animal Pesticide Poisoning in Tunisia

Animal Pesticide Poisoning in Tunisia

Metaldehyde poisoning of companion animals: a three-year retrospective study

Micro QuEChERS-based method for the simultaneous biomonitoring in whole blood of 360 toxicologically relevant pollutants for wildlife

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