Epidemiology of Affective Disorders

A prospective study of risk factors for unipolar depression.

“…Other demographic characteristics, such as employment status (being unemployed and looking for work) and parenting status (having children under the age of 6), were associated with increased rates of becoming depressed, as was found in a number of previous studies (e.g., Brown & Harris, 1978). However, in contrast to cross-sectional studies (Boyd & Weissman, 1981; Pearlin & Schooler, 1978), in the present study, marital status was not associated with developing a diagnosable episode of depression in the future. Subjects who reported more depressive symptoms as measured by the CES-D at T1 were at risk for an increase in depressive symptoms as measured by the CES-D as well as for developing a diagnosable episode of depression.…”

Occupational stress, social support, and depression.

“…We believe that this may not be the case in this study because 5% of the physicians reported symptoms in the clinically depressed range according to the Zung SRDS and 30% reported symptoms consistent with the mildly to moderately depressed range. These proportions are comparable to those found in studies of depression in the general population (Boyd & Weissman, 1981, 1982).…”

Educational level and hospital use in mental disorders A population‐based study

“…Except for bipolar disorder, female discharge rates and first-time admission rates for mood disorders were about 25-35 % higher than the respective rates among men. Similar gender differences both in morbidity and in probability of receiving treatment have been reported in many earlier studies (4,8,18,22,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). In this study of hospitalized patients we observed a SES gradient for neurotic disorders.…”