Epidemiology of Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in a Spanish Region

Dueñas‐Laita, Antonio; Ruiz-Mambrilla, Marta; Gandía, Francisco; Cerdá, Ramiro; Martı́n-Escudero, Juan Carlos; Pérez‐Castrillón, José Luis; Díaz, Germán

doi:10.1081/clt-100102880

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…More than half of the incidents were attributed to this cause. This supports the findings reported by several previous studies in other countries regarding a higher number of unintentional CO poisoning incidents caused by water heaters (Cho, Chiu, Ho, & Peng, 2008;Duen˜as-Laita et al, 2001;Gajdos et al, 1991). This finding indicates that water heaters represent a serious health threat and needs further attention.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…It has been estimated that approximately 50,000 annual emergency department (ED) visits in the United States are due to CO poisoning (Hampson & Weaver, 2007). It seems that the mortality and morbidity due to CO exposure is similarly high in other parts of the world (Gajdos et al, 1991;Duen˜as-Laita et al, 2001;Nazari, Dianat, & Stedmon, 2010;Wilson, Saunders, & Smith, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Characteristics of unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning in Northwest Iran – Tabriz

Dianat

Nazari

2011

International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion

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The study describes the epidemiology and characteristics of unintentional carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in Northwest Iran between 2007 and 2009 using multiple data sources including records of the main provider of emergency medical transportation, death certificate reports of the Legal Medicine Organization and through household surveys. A total of 1005 people were diagnosed with non-fatal CO poisoning. Ninety deaths were confirmed due to CO exposure. The ratio of unintentional CO-related poisoning cases in relation to all poisonings was 17.6%. Non-fatal CO poisoning was higher in females and adults aged 25-44 year olds, whereas the death rate was highest for those over 64 years. Domestic gas appliances were involved in 98% of non-fatal incidents and in all fatal poisonings, with gas water heaters (59.2%) and free-standing heaters (25.3%) being the most common causes of CO exposure. The main mechanisms of poisoning were faulty installations and defective devices. The main locations of incidents were the bathroom (48%) and living room (32%). Only 19% of the households reported that they were aware of the hazards of CO exposure before the incident, and no household reported having a CO detector at the time of the poisoning. The results suggest that interventions should be targeted at home environments and focus on at-risk groups such as women and elderly people. Setting stricter standards and environmental legislations and promotion of public awareness against the dangers of CO exposure are important considerations for overcoming this public health problem.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Characteristics of unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning in Northwest Iran – Tabriz

Dianat

Nazari

2011

International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion

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“…Specific interpretations of differences in death rates between Taiwan and other countries might not be straightforward. In Taiwan, as in most of the world, the incidence and mortality of acute CO poisoning are probably underestimated because CO poisoning usually leads to nonspecific symptoms that have no helpful unique clinical presentations, which adds to the difficulties for emergency room physicians of recognizing the clinical symptoms of CO poisoning (Duenas-Laita et al, 2001). Thus, the observed differences in the acute CO death rate between Taiwan and other nations could be biased due to differential diagnostic techniques among countries.…”

Section: Trends Of the Annual Mortality Ratementioning

confidence: 80%

“…Sam-Lai et al (2003) investigated causes of household CO poisoning and found that heating systems, mobile heaters, and thermal motors were among the appliances most often involved in accidents. A study by Duenas-Laita et al (2001) reported that the kitchen and bathroom were the two principal CO exposure sites at home, and the majority of the CO poisoning cases were related to malfunctioning of the water heater or central heating. Due to a lack of detailed information regarding how the CO poisoning accidents occurred, we were unable to identify the household-related activities attributable to the increase in the unintentional death rate from CO poisoning in Taiwan. A previous study showed an average annual unintentional CO death rate of 1.7/10 6 py between 1979 and 1988 in California (Girman et al, 1998).…”

Section: Trends Of the Annual Mortality Ratementioning

confidence: 98%

Population-Based Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Unintentional Mortality from Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in Taiwan

Shie

2007

Inhalation Toxicology

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We carried out a population-based case-control study to identify people in Taiwan who are at increased risk of unintentional mortality from carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning (ICD-9 CM: 986 or E868). The study included all 439 deaths from unintentional CO poisoning registered in Taiwan's National Mortality Registry during 1997-2003, whereas 878 control subjects were randomly selected, with a control/case ratio of 2, from all deceased individuals from other causes during the same period. The annual mortality rate of CO poisoning significantly increased in Taiwan over the 7-yr period from 1.6 to 3.5 per 10(6) person-years. Thirty-six percent (n = 160) of the deaths occurred at home, and 21% (n = 93) were registered as in-hospital mortalities. A multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that married people had a significantly reduced mortality odds ratio (MOR) of 0.50 (95% CI = 0.30-0.82) compared to single individuals. Additionally, residents of northern Taiwan (which is relatively urban) had a notably higher MOR of CO poisoning (MOR = 3.44, 95% CI = 1.40-8.44) than people residing in eastern Taiwan (which is relatively rural). Moreover, the MOR peaked in cold periods. A daily maximum temperature of < 18.4 degrees C was associated with a 2.15-fold increase in the MOR compared to a daily maximum temperature of > or = 27.1 degrees C. This study demonstrates an alarming increase in the unintentional death rate from CO poisoning in Taiwan between 1997 and 2003. Certain demographic and geographic characteristics were significant predictors for CO poisoning, suggesting a need for preventive strategies targeting these high-risk populations. Precautions should also be taken during periods of low temperatures.

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“…Not only do the citizens of our country benefit but also millions of tourists, mainly from Europe, who visit our country each year [5]. Furthermore, as we have seen at the recent Mediterranean congress held in Sitges, Barcelona, scientific activity has increased in volume and in quality, in basic research as well as in fields of clinical interest [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency medicine in Spain

L¹,

Jl²,

G³

2004

European Journal of Emergency Medicine

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Epidemiology of Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in a Spanish Region

Cited by 34 publications

References 11 publications

Characteristics of unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning in Northwest Iran – Tabriz

Characteristics of unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning in Northwest Iran – Tabriz

Population-Based Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Unintentional Mortality from Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in Taiwan

Emergency medicine in Spain

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