Epidemiology, molecular strain types, and macrolide resistance of Treponema pallidum in Japan, 2017–2018

Nishiki, Shingo; Arima, Yuzo; Kanai, Mizue; Shimuta, Ken; Nakayama, Shuichi; Ohnishi, Makoto

doi:10.1016/j.jiac.2020.05.022

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Second, all the macrolide-resistant strains in Japan in this study carried the A2058G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene, but not the A2059G mutation. This was in agreement with the results of our previous study of over 100 strains in Japan 17,18 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…The EAC was composed of SS14-lineage TPA strains in China and Japan, with most TPA strains in Japan (16/17) being subtype 14d/f, which is the dominant subtype among both heterosexual and MSM cases in Japan 17 . We could not evaluate the difference between subtype 14d/f strains from MSM and heterosexual cases in our previous molecular typing studies 17,18 . The WGS study in this report elucidated the separate phylogeny of the strains from MSM and heterosexuals belonging to this same subtype ( Table 1, and Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Tris-EDTA (TE) buffersuspensions (swab samples from genital, anal, and oral lesions) and DNA extracts (the other samples) prepared by a DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit (Qiagen, Inc., Valencia, CA) were used as the PCR templates. The TPA polA and tp47 genes-targeted PCR was performed as described previously 17,18 . When at least one amplicon of the two genes was generated, a sample was considered to contain TPA-DNA.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic and genetic characterization of Treponema pallidum strains from syphilis patients in Japan by whole-genome sequence analysis from global perspectives

Nishiki

Lee

Kanai

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Japan has had a substantial increase in syphilis cases since 2013. However, research on the genomic features of the Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (TPA) strains from these cases has been limited. Here, we elucidated the genetic variations and relationships between TPA strains in Japan (detected between 2014 and 2018) and other countries by whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, including syphilis epidemiological surveillance data and information on patient sexual orientation. Seventeen of the 20 strains in Japan were SS14- and the remaining 3 were Nichols-lineage. Sixteen of the 17 SS14-lineage strains were classified into previously reported Sub-lineage 1B. Sub-lineage 1B strains in Japan have formed distinct sub-clusters of strains from heterosexuals and strains from men who have sex with men. These strains were closely related to reported TPA strains in China, forming an East-Asian cluster. However, those strains in these countries evolved independently after diverging from their most recent common ancestor and expanded their genetic diversity during the time of syphilis outbreak in each country. The genetic difference between the TPA strains in these countries was characterized by single-nucleotide-polymorphism analyses of their penicillin binding protein genes. Taken together, our results elucidated the detailed phylogenetic features and transmission networks of syphilis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic and genetic characterization of Treponema pallidum strains from syphilis patients in Japan by whole-genome sequence analysis from global perspectives

Nishiki

Lee

Kanai

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…не было выделено ни одного азитромицинорезистентного изолята этого типа. В то же время связь между штаммами T. pallidum типа 14d/f и A2058Gассоциированной резистентно стью к макролидам выявлена в Южной Африке [24], Японии [30], Китае [31]. Данный факт подтверждает целесообразность изъятия антибиотиков группы ма кролидов как препаратов второй линии из российских клинических рекомендаций по лечению сифилиса по сле ряда публикаций о распространении резистентных к ним штаммов в различных географических регионах мира [32].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Prevalence of the A2058G mutation in 23S rRNA gene, which determines Treponema pallidum macrolide resistance in Russian population

Образцова¹,

Shpilevaya²,

Katunin³

et al. 2022

CMAC

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Objective. To investigate prevalence of the A2058G mutation in the Russian population of T. pallidum and its association with molecular subtypes. Materials and Methods. We analyzed DNA isolated from 325 samples of clinical material obtained from patients of dermatovenereological treatment and prophylactic institutions in 6 federal districts of the Russia in the period from 2014 to 2021. Patients were diagnosed with primary syphilis of the genital organs, primary syphilis of other sites, or secondary syphilis of the skin and mucous membranes. DNA was isolated using the Proba-NK reagent kit (DNA-technology, Russia) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The presence of T. pallidum genetic material was confirmed by PCR with primers for the species-specific polA gene. Molecular typing was performed based on the analysis of polymorphic regions of species-specific T. pallidum genes. The primary decoding of the nucleotide sequences of the 23S rRNA gene fragment was carried out using the Sequencing Analysis 5.3.1 program. The analyzed fragments were aligned using the Mega 5 program. Results. Eight molecular subtypes of T. pallidum – 14d/f, 14d/g, 14b/f, 14c/f, 14i/f, 9d/f, 14b/g and 14e/f with stable dominance of subtype 14d/f – were identified in the Russian Federation in the interval 2014–2021. Three subtypes, 14d/g, 14b/g and 14b/f, carrying the A2058G mutation associated with azithromycin resistance, were identified. Conclusions. Studies on molecular typing of T. pallidum strains in the Russia have shown significant population heterogeneity. Three sublines containing the A2058G mutation were shown to exist, one of which – 14b/f – is described as rare. The obtained data confirm the relevance of continuous monitoring of the emergence of resistant strains and the development of new mutations.

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“…6,7 In China, high rates of A2058G mutation have been reported in Shanghai (95.4%), 8 Hunan (97.5%), 9 Shangdong (92.1%), 10 and Xiamen (100%), 11 whereas the A2059G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene of T. pallidum has only been reported in Shangdong, China, by Li et al 10 Taking swab samples from chancres was the most common method used to isolate T. pallidum for the detection of A2058G and A2059G point mutations in the 23S rRNA gene of T. pallidum in previous studies. [12][13][14] However, it is impossible to isolate T. pallidum from chancres in patients with latent syphilis, who have an absence of chancres and the other syphilis skin lesions. Several studies have reported using blood samples from syphilis patients to detect T. pallidum and macrolide resistance mutations in T. pallidum, although the detection rate of T. pallidum DNA is relatively low.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characteristics of Macrolide Resistance in Treponema pallidum from Patients with Latent Syphilis in Xinjiang, China

Wang¹,

Abliz²,

Deng³

2023

IDR

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Background Macrolide resistance in Treponema pallidum ( T. pallidum ) has been increasing in recent years worldwide. However, few data are available on macrolide resistance in T. pallidum from Xinjiang province, located in the western part of China, which is an area with a high incidence of syphilis. In this study, we investigated the molecular characteristics of macrolide resistance in T. pallidum from patients with latent syphilis in Xinjiang, China. Methods In total, 204 whole blood samples were collected from patients with latent syphilis during 2016 to 2017, in the First Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. Genomic DNA of blood samples was extracted using a QIAamp DNA Mini Kit and T. pallidum was detected by PCR with the specific polA gene of T. pallidum . The 23S rRNA gene of T. pallidum was amplified among the T. pallidum -positive samples by nested PCR, and macrolide resistance-associated mutation sites A2058G and A2059G in the 23S rRNA gene were identified using restriction enzymes Mbo II and Bsa I. Results The specific polA gene of T. pallidum ( T. pallidum positive) was detected in 27 blood samples (13.2%) from 204 patients with latent syphilis. The 23S rRNA gene was then amplified in all 27 T. pallidum -positive samples, among which 24/27 samples (88.9%) harbored the A2058G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene and 3/27 (11.1%) had the A2059G mutation. Conclusion Our results indicated that T. pallidum macrolide resistance should not be ignored in Xinjiang, China, and that A2058G was the predominant macrolide resistance mechanism. Blood may be a suitable specimen for the detection of resistant mutations of T. pallidum in patients with latent syphilis who do not show any clinical symptoms.

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Epidemiology, molecular strain types, and macrolide resistance of Treponema pallidum in Japan, 2017–2018

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Phylogenetic and genetic characterization of Treponema pallidum strains from syphilis patients in Japan by whole-genome sequence analysis from global perspectives

Phylogenetic and genetic characterization of Treponema pallidum strains from syphilis patients in Japan by whole-genome sequence analysis from global perspectives

Prevalence of the A2058G mutation in 23S rRNA gene, which determines Treponema pallidum macrolide resistance in Russian population

Molecular Characteristics of Macrolide Resistance in Treponema pallidum from Patients with Latent Syphilis in Xinjiang, China

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