Epidemiology, genetic landscape and classification of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar

Haris, Basma; Saraswathi, Saras; Al‐Khawaga, Sara; Hasnah, Reem; Saeed, Amira; Mundekkadan, Shihab; Hamed, Noor; Afyouni, Houda; Abdel-Karim, Tasneem; Mohammed, Shayma; Khalifa, Amal; Al-Maadheed, Maryam; Alzyoud, Mahmoud; Shamekh, Ahmed; Elawwa, Ahmed; Al‐Khalaf, Fawziya; Boughorbel, Sabri; Petrovski, Goran; Hussain, Khalid

doi:10.1111/jdi.13610

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Blood samples were also collected for extraction and storage of serum, plasma, DNA and RNA for further studies. With the help of clinical history and antibody assays, based on ADA guidelines, the patients were classified as having type 1 diabetes [19]. A flowchart of the methodology is shown in Fig 1.…”

Section: Selection and Recruitment Of Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sib-pair subgroup familial type 1 diabetes mellitus in children in the state of Qatar

et al. 2022

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Background Type 1 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes mellitus (DM) in children. It can be sporadic in onset or cluster in families, which comprises parent-offspring and sib-pair subgroups. The risk of developing DM in first-degree relatives of affected individuals is 8–15 fold higher. There is limited data about familial DM from the Gulf region. This study aims to describe the clinical, biochemical and genetic characteristics of sib-pair familial type 1 diabetes in Qatar. Methods Every child with DM following up at Sidra Medicine was recruited. Data was collected regarding clinical features, family history, type 1 diabetes autoantibodies and whole genome sequencing was performed. Genetic analysis for MODY genes and HLA association analysis was conducted. Results 44 families with sib-pair familial diabetes were identified. Of these, 2 families had 4 affected siblings and 5 families had 3 affected siblings. The majority are of Qatari ethnicity and the most common autoantibody was GAD65. The most common age of onset in the proband was 5–9 years while it was 10–14 years in subsequent siblings. The occurrence of DKA & HbA1c levels were lower in the second affected sibling. No relevant MODY gene variants were found. HLA analysis found 15 variants in at least 50% of the subjects. Most common were HLA-F*01*01*01G, HLA- DPA1*01*03*01G, HLA- DRB3*02*02*01G, HLA- E*01*01*01G & DRB4*03*01N. Conclusions The prevalence of sib-pair diabetes is 3.64%. The second affected siblings were older. MODY is unlikely and Class I and II HLA genes was present in sib-pair diabetes.

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Section: Selection and Recruitment Of Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sib-pair subgroup familial type 1 diabetes mellitus in children in the state of Qatar

et al. 2022

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“…The incidence rate of DKA is variable, ranging between 20 per 1000 person-years (PY) in North America to 27–51 per 1000 PY in Europe [ 4 ]. Qatar has the fourth-highest incidence of T1DM [ 5 ]. It is witnessing a rising trend of T1DM and T2DM cases, with prevalence reaching up to 17% [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and biochemical determinants of length of stay, readmission and recurrence in patients admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis

et al. 2023

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Background The increasing prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) related admissions poses a significant burden on the healthcare systems globally. However, data regarding the predictors of healthcare resource utilization in DKA is limited and inconsistent. This study aimed to identify key predictors of hospital length of stay (LOS), readmission and recurrent DKA episodes. Methods We undertook a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of all DKA admissions from 2015 to 2021 across four hospitals in Qatar. The primary outcomes were the length of stay (LOS), 90-day readmission and 6-month and 1-year DKA recurrence. Results We included 922 patients with a median age of 35 years (25–45). 62% were males with type-1 diabetes-mellitus (T1DM) and type-2 DM (T2DM), present in 52% and 48% of patients. The median LOS was 2.6 days (IQR 1.1–4.8), and the median DKA resolution time was 18 h (10.5–29). Male-gender, new-onset DM, higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), lower haemoglobin, sodium and potassium, higher urea, longer DKA duration and MICU admission predicted a longer LOS in a multivariate regression analysis. None of the factors were significantly associated with 90-day readmission. Patients with pre-existing T1DM were more likely to have a six-month DKA recurrence than pre-existing T2DM. Patients with a 6-month DKA recurrence, female gender and T1DM had higher odds of 12-month recurrence, whereas a consult with a diabetes educator at the index admission was associated with decreased odds of recurrence. Conclusions/interpretation This is the most extensive study from the Middle-East region reporting on LOS, readmissions and the recurrence of DKA. Results from this study with a diverse population may be valuable for physicians and healthcare systems to decrease the diabetes-related healthcare burden in DKA patients.

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“… 3 In Qatar, the reported prevalence is 23.7 per 100,000 for children with type 2 diabetes living in the country and an incidence of 2.51 in 2020. 4 In 2019, the US reported 283,000 individuals under 20 years diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and an incidence of 5,800 new cases in 2014–2015. 5…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a 7 Year Old Girl

Haris¹,

Stafrace²,

Hussain³

2022

IMCRJ

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Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease due to insulin resistance resulting in hyperglycemia. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide in the pediatric population. In the pediatric population, type 2 diabetes typically develops around adolescence; however, patients with a younger age of onset are now being reported. Earlier onset of type 2 diabetes is associated with a more aggressive course of disease and earlier comorbidities, although data on this is limited. We report a child from Qatar with type 2 diabetes that was diagnosed at 7 years of age, along obesity with a BMI of 26.8 kg/m 2 . Elevated liver enzymes, c-peptide, and insulin levels were observed along with fatty liver on an ultrasound. The child had severe acanthosis nigricans with increased appetite. There was a positive family history for type 2 diabetes. Testing for type 1 diabetes autoantibodies, monogenic obesity, and monogenic diabetes screening was negative. This is the second youngest child reported to have type 2 diabetes. Accurate diagnosis, early reporting, and long-term follow-up of such cases is necessary to bring more attention to the subgroup of type 2 diabetes in very young patients.

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Epidemiology, genetic landscape and classification of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Sib-pair subgroup familial type 1 diabetes mellitus in children in the state of Qatar

Sib-pair subgroup familial type 1 diabetes mellitus in children in the state of Qatar

Clinical and biochemical determinants of length of stay, readmission and recurrence in patients admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a 7 Year Old Girl

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