Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Risk Factors of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children

Ozbey, Gokben; Hanafiah, Alfizah

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1208

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Helicobacter pylori infection is a common chronic infection affecting about half of human population worldwide and is most often acquired in early childhood [1,2]. Among children, prevalence of the infection widely varies from <10% in some developed countries such as Sweden and Germany to ≥57% in other (mostly developing) countries such as India and Bangladesh [2]. In Bulgarian children aged 1-3 years, the seroprevalence of the infection was 13.5% [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori is still high among symptomatic Bulgarian children

Boyanova

Hadzhiyski

Markovska

et al. 2018

AMicr

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Helicobacter pylori positivity was assessed among 656 symptomatic children in 2010-2017. Overall infection prevalence was 24.5% and a significantly higher rate was detected in girls (28.5%) compared to boys (20.0%). Moreover, in children with duodenal ulcer, H. pylori prevalence was higher (47.4%) compared with the rest (23.9%). On the contrary, the infection was detected 1.9-fold less frequently in patients with GERD (14.5%) compared with the other (27.0%) patients and 2.1-fold less often in the presence of duodenogastric reflux (bile) reflux (13.0%) compared with the absence of the reflux (27.0%). No significant difference was observed between the younger (aged ≤7 years, 20.0%) and the older (aged 8-18 years, 25.5%) patients. H. pylori infection rate in Bulgarian pediatric patients between 2010 and 2017 was 2.5-fold lower than that in 1996-2006. In conclusion, H. pylori infection is still an important concern for Bulgarian children, although having decreased by about 1.8%/yearly over 21 years. This study reveals the importance of H. pylori diagnostics even in the youngest symptomatic children and demonstrates an inverse association between either GERD or bile reflux and H. pylori infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori is still high among symptomatic Bulgarian children

Boyanova

Hadzhiyski

Markovska

et al. 2018

AMicr

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“…On the contrary our study found the prevalence of H.pylori to be higher in patients with tertiary level of education, these category of individuals tend to fall under the high or middle social class demographic (civil and public servant), however no statistical significant association was seen. It could be assumed that these well-educated group of individuals had a better health seeking attitude regarding their dyspeptic symptoms than those in the lower socioeconomic class (who could probably be more at risk for this observation, as may be deduced from our A low socioeconomic status has been reported to promote the transmission of H.pylori prevalence and it has been speculated that the spread of the infection may be associated with domestic overcrowding, high housing density as well as sharing of beds especially in developing countries (Oling et al 2015, Whitaker et al 1993, Ozbey et al 2017 ello and his colleagues, in their showed that the lower social class had a significant association with H.pylori (Bello et al, 2018). They proposed that Individuals from the lower socioeconomic class were more likely to be linked with poor education, including poor health education an environment that predisposes to faecal contamination of food and water (Bello et al, 2018).…”

Section: Prevalence Of Helicobacter Pylorimentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Helicobacter pylori infection was also found to be more prevalent in our patients who had either 3 to 4 siblings or more than 4 siblings, however there was no significant association. The number of siblings has been linked with an increased risk of acquiring H.pylori (Peura et al, 2010, Ozbey et al, 2017. This finding suggests that our patients who had a higher number of siblings may have acquired H.pylori in childhood.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Helicobacter Pylorimentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Furthermore, gradual urbanization with better access to healthcare be another reason for this observation, as may be deduced from our study. A low socioeconomic status has been reported to promote the transmission of H.pylori and it has been speculated that the spread of the infection may be associated with dom overcrowding, high housing density as well as sharing of beds especially in developing countries (Oling et al 2015, Whitaker et al 1993, Ozbey et al 2017and Den Hoed et al 2011. Bello and his colleagues, in their review showed that the lower social significant association with H.pylori (Bello et al, 2018).…”

Section: Prevalence Of Helicobacter Pylorimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection among dyspepsia patients in Calabar

Kooffreh-Ada¹,

Okonkwo²,

Emmanuel³

et al. 2019

Glo Jnl Pure Appl Sci

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Helicobacter pylori is an ubiquitous organism. It is estimated that more than 50% of the world’s population is infected with the bacteria. The infection is typically acquired in infancy and has been associated with poor living conditions and low socio-economic status. Once helicobacter pylori is acquired, it commonly persists lifelong unless treated. This pathogen has been implicated as a major aetiologic agent in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease and is an established carcinogen. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection among our dyspeptic patients. This was a retrospective study conducted from April 2014 to December 2018. A total of one hundred and fifteen (115) patients who had symptoms of dyspepsia were recruited within this period of time. The presence of helicobacter pylori was determined using urea breath test. The results showed that 42.6% of the patients were positive for helicobacter pylori, while 51.3% of patients had a negative result. A borderline result was seen in 6.1% of patients. The mean age of the studied population was 45.10 years (SD= 12.55), with most patients aged between 41-60 years. This study showed no sex predilection, with an equal sex distribution of the study participants. Reports from other parts of the country also found the prevalence of helicobacter pylori to be highest in individuals between the 4th and 5th decade of life. This study concluded that the prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection is relatively high among patients with dyspepsia in South South Nigeria.Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, dyspepsia, urea breath test, South South Nigeria

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“…Recently, studies have demonstrated that the PCR can be performed on stool and tissue specimen and assists identify genes related to antibiotic resistance and virulence [59]. Studies have reported that PCR is used to detect bacterium, pathogenic genes, and specific mutations contributed with antimicrobial resistance [60].…”

Section: Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Diseases, Antibiotic Resistance and Diagnosis

Paul

Senthil

Qureshi

et al. 2018

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective:The aim of the study was designed to assess the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori, affecting disease by this infection and diagnostic methods which are used to detect H. pylori.Methods: A wide literature search was performed using PubMed, Medline, Cinahl, Embase, Educational Resources Information Center, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, and review of appropriate epidemiologic studies conducted from 1995 to 2017 for studies fully published investigating a contribution between H. pylori infection, antibiotic resistance, and diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Results:H. pylori infection is extremely contributed to the main symptoms and death that is currently affecting 50-75% of the people in the world. It is more affected in developing countries compared to developed countries. These infections are regarded to be the most important reasons for gastric cancer, peptic ulcer, chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, and gastric adenocarcinoma. About 90-100% of duodenal ulcers and 60-90% of gastric ulcers were associated with H. pylori infections. At present, antibiotic resistance is a growing problem for the eradication of H. pylori infection; it contains metronidazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and levofloxacin resistance. Diagnosis of H. pylori infection is a crucial part for the better treatment of those diseases. Different types of testing method for H. pylori infection are used including invasive (endoscopic image, histology, rapid urease test, and culture) and non-invasive (urea breath test, stool antigen test, and serological).Conclusion: H. pylori antibiotic resistance is the major contributor to the failure of H. pylori treatment. Appropriate diagnostic method selected in detecting H. pylori antibiotic resistance may lead to reduced treatment failures and less antibiotic resistance. Paul et al.Recent studies have shown that 13-labeled UBT ( 13 C-UBT) is a most reliable test for detection of H. pylori infection due to rapid, simple, innocuous, easy to repeat, reproducible, highly accurate, and economical manner [7]. Researchers have proved that this test is regarded as the gold standard, highest sensitivity and specificity (>95%), inexpensive, and convenient [64]. It was reported that the American College of Gastroenterology authenticated the carbon 13 C-UBT as the most consistent test to confirm H. pylori eradication (Fig. 7) [65]. Stool antigen non-invasive testAt present, studies have shown that this test is obtainable and suitable for small children, as well as this test is cost-effective and need to less apparatus than UBT [61]. It has been reported that this test can be performed mostly in routine laboratories and also used to provide after the end of H. pylori infection treatment [45]. CONCLUSIONH. pylori infection is one of the global problems which are more affected in developing countries than in developed countries, and major risk factors for gastric cancer and PU. Different methods are used to detect H....

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Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Risk Factors of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children

Cited by 31 publications

References 52 publications

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori is still high among symptomatic Bulgarian children

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori is still high among symptomatic Bulgarian children

Prevalence of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection among dyspepsia patients in Calabar

A Review of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Diseases, Antibiotic Resistance and Diagnosis

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