Epidemiology, Complications, and Cost of Hospitalization in Children With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Infection

Ampofo, Kwabena Krow; Gesteland, Per H.; Bender, Jeff; Mills, Michelle; Daly, Judy A.; Samore, Matthew H.; Byington, Carrie L.; Pavia, Andrew T.; Srivastava, Rajendu

doi:10.1542/peds.2006-1475

Cited by 200 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

126

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The burden was particularly heavy on the poorest families, for whom the cost of a single episode of influenza in a family member typically represented more than a tenth of the total household monthly income. The magnitude of the direct costs noted in our study was similar to that found in other low‐ and middle‐income countries among non‐hospitalized (range $4–16) and hospitalized (range $60–575) persons22, 23, 24 and lower than the cost among hospitalized patients in high‐income countries (range $5402–6124) 4, 25, 26…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

A population‐based estimate of the economic burden of influenza in Peru, 2009–2010

Tinoco

Azziz‐Baumgartner

Rázuri

et al. 2016

Influenza Resp Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionInfluenza disease burden and economic impact data are needed to assess the potential value of interventions. Such information is limited from resource‐limited settings. We therefore studied the cost of influenza in Peru.MethodsWe used data collected during June 2009–December 2010 from laboratory‐confirmed influenza cases identified through a household cohort in Peru. We determined the self‐reported direct and indirect costs of self‐treatment, outpatient care, emergency ward care, and hospitalizations through standardized questionnaires. We recorded costs accrued 15‐day from illness onset. Direct costs represented medication, consultation, diagnostic fees, and health‐related expenses such as transportation and phone calls. Indirect costs represented lost productivity during days of illness by both cases and caregivers. We estimated the annual economic cost and the impact of a case of influenza on a household.ResultsThere were 1321 confirmed influenza cases, of which 47% sought health care. Participants with confirmed influenza illness paid a median of $13 [interquartile range (IQR) 5–26] for self‐treatment, $19 (IQR 9–34) for ambulatory non‐medical attended illness, $29 (IQR 14–51) for ambulatory medical attended illness, and $171 (IQR 113–258) for hospitalizations. Overall, the projected national cost of an influenza illness was $83–$85 millions. Costs per influenza illness represented 14% of the monthly household income of the lowest income quartile (compared to 3% of the highest quartile).ConclusionInfluenza virus infection causes an important economic burden, particularly among the poorest families and those hospitalized. Prevention strategies such as annual influenza vaccination program targeting SAGE population at risk could reduce the overall economic impact of seasonal influenza.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

A population‐based estimate of the economic burden of influenza in Peru, 2009–2010

Tinoco

Azziz‐Baumgartner

Rázuri

et al. 2016

Influenza Resp Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…12,24-27 Moreover, we found children with comorbidities represent an at-risk population for these severe complications from H1N1, similar to other forms of influenza. 4,21,22,28 These findings support the need for increased preventive measures in this subgroup of children, including influenza vaccination and early institution of antiviral treatment. 10,29 Our findings remain pertinent, as pandemic H1N1 continues to circulate in the United States, with ongoing infection placing children at risk.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 64%

“…1 Even though most children with ILI have mild illness, clinicians must be cognizant of children at risk for developing more serious illness. [4][5][6][7][8] In the United States, the population-based risk for influenzarelated hospitalization is as high as 150 in 100 000, with as many as 125 deaths annually. In the current 2014 season, influenza type A, type B, and pandemic H1N1 are circulating, resulting in hospitalization and severe complications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Complications in Influenza-like Illnesses

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:Severe complications, such as respiratory failure, have been described in influenza infection. Clinicians are commonly faced with influenza-like illnesses (ILI), which is the initial nonspecific presentation of many respiratory viruses; the risk of severe complications from ILI are unknown. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Severe complications occurred in children initially presenting with ILI, irrespective of the virus identified. Risk factors for severe complications did not differ by demographics or respiratory virus, although children with highrisk conditions are at greater risk of severe complications. abstract OBJECTIVE: Data on complications from upper respiratory infection are limited. We examined development of severe complications in children presenting to the emergency department (ED) for moderate to severe influenza-like illness (ILI). METHODS:Prospective cohort study of children 0 to 19 years presenting to a tertiary care children' s hospital ED during peak respiratory viral seasons from 2008 to 2010. Subjects included had moderate to severe ILI, defined by performance of venipuncture and nasopharyngeal multiplex polymerase chain reaction for respiratory viruses. Severe complications (respiratory failure, encephalopathy, seizures, pneumonia, bacteremia, death) were prospectively determined. Risk factors for severe complications were collected, including demographics, comorbidities, and household exposures.RESULTS: There were 241 enrolled subjects with median age of 27.4 months (interquartile range 8.9-68.5); 59.3% were boys and 48.5% were black. High-risk conditions were present in 53.5%. Severe complications developed in 35.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 29.3-41.3), most frequently pneumonia (26.1%). The risk for severe complications was increased in subjects with neurologic or neuromuscular conditions (relative risk 4.0; 95% CI 1.9-8.2). No specific respiratory virus was associated with development of severe complications. Among patients with influenza, severe complications were greater with subtype H1N1 infection (relative risk 1.45, 95% CI 0.99-2.13, P = .048), and were at highest risk for pneumonia (relative risk 4.2, 95% CI 1.2-15.9). CONCLUSION:In children presenting to the ED for moderate to severe ILI, those with neurologic and neuromuscular disease are at increased risk for severe complications. Development of severe complications did not differ by infecting virus; however, risk of severe complications was greater with subtype H1N1 compared with other influenza. Pediatrics 2014;134:e684-e690

show abstract

“…Underlying conditions were identified in up to 60% of children, which is higher than the reported rates for seasonal influenza (37%-43%) (39,42,43). Data on the frequency of comorbid conditions in non-hospitalised patients are not available.…”

Section: Groups At Increased Riskmentioning

confidence: 84%

Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009: the experience of the first six months

Maritz

Maree²,

Preiser³

2009

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

After a break of 41 years, 2009 saw the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century caused by a triple-reassortant influenza A (H1N1) virus. The current estimated case fatality rate is lower than that of previous influenza pandemics, but this may change as the pandemic evolves. Illness frequently occurs in previously healthy, young adults with a wide range of clinical presentations. The majority of circulating pandemic viruses remain susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors, although all strains are intrinsically resistant to the adamantanes. Monovalent vaccines against the pandemic strain are available in both live attenuated and inactivated forms. This review aims to summarise important virological, epidemiological and clinical aspects of the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus for physicians and other clinical personnel. Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:11-21.

show abstract

Epidemiology, Complications, and Cost of Hospitalization in Children With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Infection

Cited by 200 publications

References 31 publications

A population‐based estimate of the economic burden of influenza in Peru, 2009–2010

A population‐based estimate of the economic burden of influenza in Peru, 2009–2010

Severe Complications in Influenza-like Illnesses

Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009: the experience of the first six months

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About