Epidemiology and whole genome sequencing of an ongoing point-source<i>Salmonella</i>Agona outbreak associated with sushi consumption in western Sydney, Australia 2015

Thompson, Craig; Wang, Q; Bag, Shopna; Franklin, Neil; Shadbolt, Craig; Howard, Peter; Fearnley, Emily; Quinn, Helen; Sintchenko, Vitali; Hope, Kirsty

doi:10.1017/s0950268817000693

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(55 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This food matrix is not a typical Salmonella species reservoir, although this microorganism has been isolated from finned and scaly fish and shellfish (156)(157)(158)(159). Over 30 serovars have been detected in the aquatic environment, demonstrating the possibility and diversity of fish and shellfish contamination through the environment (156)(157)(158)(159)(160)(161)(162)(163)(164)(165). Moreover, it is essential to control and reduce the Salmonella in these foods, primarily because many of these are marketed as ready to eat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide Epidemiology ofSalmonellaSerovars in Animal-Based Foods: a Meta-analysis

Ferrari

Rosário

Neto

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

391

264

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Salmonella spp. are among the most important foodborne pathogens and the third leading cause of human death among diarrheal diseases worldwide. Animals are the primary source of this pathogen, and animal-based foods are the main transmission route to humans. Thus, understanding the global epidemiology of Salmonella serovars is key to controlling and monitoring this bacterium. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and diversity of Salmonella enterica serovars in animalbased foods (beef, pork, poultry, and seafood) throughout the five continents (Africa, the Americas [North and Latin America], Asia, Europe, and Oceania). The meta-analysis consisted of a chemometric assessment (hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis) to identify the main epidemiological findings, including the prevalence and diversity of the Salmonella serovars in each matrix. Regarding the serovar distribution, S. Typhimurium presented a cosmopolitan distribution, reported in all four assessed matrices and continents; poultry continues to play a central role in the dissemination of the Enteritidis serovar to humans, and Anatum and Weltevreden were the most frequently found in beef and seafood, respectively. Additionally, we recommended careful monitoring of certain serovars, such as Derby, Agona, Infantis, and Kentucky. Finally, given the scientific data regarding the most frequently reported serovars and which matrices constitute the main vehicles for the transmission of this pathogen, control programs may be improved, and specific interventions may be implemented in an attempt to reduce the risk of this pathogen reaching humans. IMPORTANCE Salmonellosis is caused by Salmonella spp. and is the third leading cause of death among food-transmitted diseases. This pathogen is commonly disseminated in domestic and wild animals, and the infection's symptoms are characterized by acute fever, nausea, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. The animals are the primary source of salmonellae, and animal-based foods are the main transmission route to humans. Therefore, data collected from these sources could contribute to future global interventions for effective control and surveillance of Salmonella along the food chain. In light of this, the importance of our research is in identifying the prevalence of Salmonella serovars in four animal-based food matrices (pork, poultry, beef, and seafood) and to evaluate the importance that each matrix has as the primary source of this pathogen to humans.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide Epidemiology ofSalmonellaSerovars in Animal-Based Foods: a Meta-analysis

Ferrari

Rosário

Neto

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

391

264

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A seafood-related Salmonella outbreak was also identified in Western Sydney in 2015 [16]. Six S. Agona outbreak cases were linked to the consumption of cooked-tuna sushi rolls purchased from a shopping complex.…”

Section: New South Walesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-typhoidal Salmonella infections are generally understood to be acquired from animal reservoirs. Although salmonellosis outbreaks in Australia have been linked with a variety of foods of animal origin, such as red meat [14], poultry meat [15] and seafoods [16,17], egg and egg-based products are reportedly the most implicated foods in the majority of non-typhoidal human salmonellosis outbreaks (59%) in Australia [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Typhoidal Salmonella at the Human-Food-of-Animal-Origin Interface in Australia

Sodagari

Wang

Robertson

et al. 2020

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Non-typhoidal Salmonella is a major zoonotic pathogen that plays a significant role in foodborne human salmonellosis worldwide through the consumption of contaminated foods, particularly those of animal origin. Despite a considerable reduction in human salmonellosis outbreaks in developed countries, Australia is experiencing a continuous rise of such outbreaks in humans. This review of the literature highlights the reported non-typhoidal Salmonella outbreaks in humans as well as the occurrence of the pathogen in foods from animal sources throughout Australia. Non-typhoidal Salmonella infections from food animals are more often associated with at-risk people, such as immunocompromised and aged people or children. Although several animal-sourced foods were recognised as the catalysts for salmonellosis outbreaks in Australia, egg and egg-based products remained the most implicated foods in the reported outbreaks. This review further highlights the antimicrobial resistance trends of non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates at the human–food interface, with a focus on clinically important antimicrobials in humans, by collating evidence from previous investigations in Australia. The rise in antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella, especially to antimicrobials commonly prescribed to treat human salmonellosis, has become a significant global public health concern. However, the overall prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Australia is considerably lower than in other parts of the world, particularly in terms of critically important antimicrobials for the treatment of human salmonellosis. The present review adds to our understanding of the global epidemiology of non-typhoidal Salmonella with emphasis on the past few decades in Australia.

show abstract

“…Isolates may also undergo additional typing using multi-locus variable number tandem repeats assay (MLVA). Increasingly, whole genome sequencing is also being applied to determine relatedness of isolates [ 12 , 13 ]. In contrast, notification of Salmonella cases in livestock in NSW is only mandatory for five serotypes ( S .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Salmonella serotypes from humans, food, domestic animals and wildlife in New South Wales, Australia

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundSalmonella is an important human pathogen in Australia and annual case rates continue to increase. In addition to foodborne exposures, cases have been associated with animal and contaminated environment contact. However, routine surveillance in Australia has tended to focus on humans and food, with no reported attempts to collate and compare Salmonella data from a wider range of potential sources of exposure.MethodsSalmonella data from humans, food, animals and environments were collated from a range of surveillance and diagnostic sources in New South Wales (NSW). Data were categorised to reflect one of 29 sample origins. Serotype diversity was described for each category, and the distribution of serotypes commonly isolated from humans was examined for each sample origin. The distribution of serotypes along the livestock-food-human continuum and at the companion animal-wildlife interface was also examined.ResultsIn total, 49,872 Salmonella isolates were included in this analysis, comprising 325 serotypes. The vast majority of these isolates were from humans (n = 38,106). Overall S. Typhimurium was the most frequently isolated serotype and was isolated from all sample categories except natural environment and game meat. S. Enteriditis was not isolated from any livestock animal, however sporadic cases were documented in food, companion animals and a reptile. Many serotypes that were frequently isolated from livestock animals and associated food products were only rarely isolated from humans. In addition, a number of key human serotypes were only sporadically isolated from livestock and food products, suggesting alternative sources of infection. In particular, S. Paratyphi B Java and S. Wangata were more often isolated from wild animals. Finally, there was some overlap between serotypes in companion animals and wildlife, with cats in particular having a large number of serotypes in common with wild birds.ConclusionsThis is the most comprehensive description of Salmonella data from humans, food, livestock, wildlife, companion animals and various environments in Australia reported to date. Results confirm that livestock and food are important sources of salmonellosis in humans but that alternative sources - such as contact with wildlife and environments - warrant further investigation. Surveillance in NSW is largely human-focussed: major knowledge gaps exist regarding the diversity and frequency of serotypes in animals. More systematic surveillance of domestic animals and wildlife is needed to inform targeted control strategies and quantitative source attribution modelling in this state.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3563-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Epidemiology and whole genome sequencing of an ongoing point-sourceSalmonellaAgona outbreak associated with sushi consumption in western Sydney, Australia 2015

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

Worldwide Epidemiology ofSalmonellaSerovars in Animal-Based Foods: a Meta-analysis

Worldwide Epidemiology ofSalmonellaSerovars in Animal-Based Foods: a Meta-analysis

Non-Typhoidal Salmonella at the Human-Food-of-Animal-Origin Interface in Australia

Diversity of Salmonella serotypes from humans, food, domestic animals and wildlife in New South Wales, Australia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About