Epidemiology and Transmission of Respiratory Infections in Thai Army Recruits: A Prospective Cohort Study

Tam, Clarence C.; Anderson, Kathryn B.; Offeddu, Vittoria; Weg, Alden L.; Macareo, Louis; Ellison, Damon W.; Rangsin, Ram; Fernandez, Stefan; Gibbons, Robert V.; Yoon, In Kyu; Simasathien, Sriluck

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.18-0219

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The sample size for estimating prevalence was calculated. According to previous studies, the prevalence of pneumococcal carriage ranged between 20% and 30% [8] , [25] , [26] . Therefore, we estimated that the prevalence of pneumococcal carriage would be approximately 15%–20% in the community and 20%–25% in a nursing home or long-term care unit.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Pneumococcal carriage among high-risk adults in a country with nonmandatory pneumococcal vaccination during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

Ngamprasertchai

Rattanaumpawan

Kaewkungwal

et al. 2023

Journal of Infection and Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Pneumococcal carriage among high-risk adults in a country with nonmandatory pneumococcal vaccination during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

Ngamprasertchai

Rattanaumpawan

Kaewkungwal

et al. 2023

Journal of Infection and Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SARS-CoV-2 Transmission among Marine Recruits during Quarantine

Letizia

Ramos²,

Obla³

et al. 2020

N Engl J Med

101

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The efficacy of public health measures to control the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has not been well studied in young adults. Methods We investigated SARS-CoV-2 infections among U.S. Marine Corps recruits who underwent a 2-week quarantine at home followed by a second supervised 2-week quarantine at a closed college campus that involved mask wearing, social distancing, and daily temperature and symptom monitoring. Study volunteers were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by means of quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction (qPCR) assay of nares swab specimens obtained between the time of arrival and the second day of supervised quarantine and on days 7 and 14. Recruits who did not volunteer for the study underwent qPCR testing only on day 14, at the end of the quarantine period. We performed phylogenetic analysis of viral genomes obtained from infected study volunteers to identify clusters and to assess the epidemiologic features of infections. Results A total of 1848 recruits volunteered to participate in the study; within 2 days after arrival on campus, 16 (0.9%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, 15 of whom were asymptomatic. An additional 35 participants (1.9%) tested positive on day 7 or on day 14. Five of the 51 participants (9.8%) who tested positive at any time had symptoms in the week before a positive qPCR test. Of the recruits who declined to participate in the study, 26 (1.7%) of the 1554 recruits with available qPCR results tested positive on day 14. No SARS-CoV-2 infections were identified through clinical qPCR testing performed as a result of daily symptom monitoring. Analysis of 36 SARS-CoV-2 genomes obtained from 32 participants revealed six transmission clusters among 18 participants. Epidemiologic analysis supported multiple local transmission events, including transmission between roommates and among recruits within the same platoon. Conclusions Among Marine Corps recruits, approximately 2% who had previously had negative results for SARS-CoV-2 at the beginning of supervised quarantine, and less than 2% of recruits with unknown previous status, tested positive by day 14. Most recruits who tested positive were asymptomatic, and no infections were detected through daily symptom monitoring. Transmission clusters occurred within platoons. (Funded by the Defense Health Agency and others.)

show abstract

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in a Military Recruit Training Center of the Hellenic Navy: A Retrospective Analysis of the Poros Registry Serving as a Quality Improvement Project for Medical Officers

Papazoglou,

Athanaseas,

Fousekis

et al. 2023

Military Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Basic military training (BMT) has been associated with increased morbidity burden. Nevertheless, the exact epidemiology of the encountered cases in the BMT of Greek recruits has never been assessed. The aim of this quality improvement project was to investigate for the first time the clinical patterns, rates, and severity of symptoms leading recruits to visit the infirmary of a recruit training center and use this knowledge to provide a practical guidance for the physicians in charge. Materials and Methods All medical cases which were consecutively examined for the time range from November 2021 to September 2022 at the infirmary of the Hellenic Naval recruit training center in Poros, Greece, were retrospectively analyzed. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of “severe clinical status” (i.e., overnight sick bay confinement and/or transfer to a tertiary hospital within 24 h) and absence from BMT for at least 1 day. Results A total of 2,623 medical cases were examined during four recruit seasons from November 2021 to September 2022. Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) and musculoskeletal injuries were the most frequent reasons for a recruit’s visit to the infirmary (33.9% and 30.2%, respectively). 6.7% of the total cases were identified as having “severe clinical status.” Specifically, in psychiatric, urological, and cardiovascular cases, febrile events were all independently associated with increased risk of “severe clinical status.” There was a positive association between training week and absence from BMT, while febrile events and spring recruit season were also independently linked with increased probability of absence from BMT for at least 1 day. Conclusions URTIs and musculoskeletal complaints were the primary reasons for recruits’ presentation at the infirmary of a Greek recruit training center, leading to severe rates of attrition. Further registries and quality improvement projects are warranted to reach specific conclusions and reduce BMT-related morbidity and its subsequent implications.

show abstract

Epidemiology and Transmission of Respiratory Infections in Thai Army Recruits: A Prospective Cohort Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Pneumococcal carriage among high-risk adults in a country with nonmandatory pneumococcal vaccination during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

Pneumococcal carriage among high-risk adults in a country with nonmandatory pneumococcal vaccination during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

SARS-CoV-2 Transmission among Marine Recruits during Quarantine

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in a Military Recruit Training Center of the Hellenic Navy: A Retrospective Analysis of the Poros Registry Serving as a Quality Improvement Project for Medical Officers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About