Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Alcoholic Liver Disease

Lazo, Mariana; Mitchell, Mack C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20538-0_1

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Patients with high risk and/or excessive alcohol use should be consulted to stop alcohol use. Alcohol cessation is difficult or unachievable for most patients due to addiction (Lazo and Mitchell, 2016). In the absence of full alcohol cessation, reduction of alcohol use not to exceed 2 drinks in men and 1 drink in women per day could be an acceptable initial intervention.…”

Section: Treatment Of Alcoholic Liver Disease and Moderate Alcoholic mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In patients with decades or longer of excessive alcohol use, the likelihood of alcoholic liver fibrosis and cirrhosis increases and cirrhosis may develop even after cessation of alcohol use. Women should be advised about the greater probability of developing ALD and cirrhosis at shorter duration and doses of alcohol use compared to men even after stopping alcohol use (Lazo and Mitchell, 2016). Previous studies showed no or limited benefit of antioxidants or PTU.…”

Section: Treatment Of Alcoholic Liver Disease and Moderate Alcoholic mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alcoholic Hepatitis: A Review

Hosseini

Shor

Szabó

2019

Alcohol and Alcoholism

109

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Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) represents a spectrum of injury, ranging from simple steatosis to alcoholic hepatitis to cirrhosis. Regular alcohol use results in fatty changes in the liver which can develop into inflammation, fibrosis and ultimately cirrhosis with continued, excessive drinking. Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is an acute hepatic inflammation associated with significant morbidity and mortality that can occur in patients with steatosis or underlying cirrhosis. The pathogenesis of ALD is multifactorial and in addition to genetic factors, alcohol-induced hepatocyte damage, reactive oxygen species, gut-derived microbial components result in steatosis and inflammatory cell (macrophage and neutrophil leukocyte) recruitment and activation in the liver. Continued alcohol and pro-inflammatory cytokines induce stellate cell activation and result in progressive fibrosis. Other than cessation of alcohol use, medical therapy of AH is limited to prednisolone in a subset of patients. Given the high mortality of AH and the progressive nature of ALD, there is a major need for new therapeutic intervention for this underserved patient population.

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Section: Treatment Of Alcoholic Liver Disease and Moderate Alcoholic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatment Of Alcoholic Liver Disease and Moderate Alcoholic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcoholic Hepatitis: A Review

Hosseini

Shor

Szabó

2019

Alcohol and Alcoholism

109

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“…[24][25][26] Previous studies showed that the likelihood of the development of ALD increases with the duration of alcohol use (in years) and the amounts of alcohol consumed (cumulative dose). 1,2 However, clinical observations and reports suggest that there are most likely genetic factors or other environmental and behavioral factors that predispose to AH because not all individuals with comparable cumulative alcohol intake develop AH. Large-scale clinical studies are needed to study genetic predisposition, behavioral, environmental, and other factors that predispose individuals to AH.…”

Section: Observational and Natural History Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Trial Design for Alcoholic Hepatitis

Szabó

2017

Semin Liver Dis

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Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is an acute and clinically distinct manifestation of alcoholic liver disease. While severe AH causes 30% or higher mortality in 3 months, treatment options are limited and ineffective. Recent advances on the understanding of the pathomechanisms of AH have identified numerous potential targets for new therapeutic interventions. Many of those targets are currently under preclinical testing and/or in human clinical trials for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Thus, the field of AH should be ready to launch new efforts and targeted clinical trials for this underserved patient population. There are remaining challenges in designing clinical trials in AH that include definition of the severity of disease, common data elements in clinical trial design, and selection of clinically meaningful endpoints. Future efforts and consensus meetings between regulatory agencies, academic and clinical experts, and industry will be instrumental to advance this emerging and greatly needed field of clinical investigations.

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