Epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of VP7 and VP4 genes of rotaviruses circulating in Rawalpindi, Pakistan during 2010

Tamim, Sana; Hasan, Fariha; Matthijnssens, Jelle; Sharif, Salman; Shaukat, Shahzad; Alam, M. M. Mahbub; Angez, Mehar; Rana, MM Suleman; Khurshid, Adnan; Zaidi, S. S. Z.

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2012.10.009

Cited by 30 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In previous studies, G1P [8], G2P [4], and G9P [8] have been reported as most dominant genotypes in Pakistan. 38,39 The genotype combinations G9P [6] and G12P [6] are mostly known to circulate in south Asia, 40 while G2P [6] and G8P [6] mostly found in Sub-Saharan Africa. 41…”

Section: Most Common G and P Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus: Genetics, pathogenesis and vaccine advances

Sadiq

Bostan

Yinda

et al. 2018

Reviews in Medical Virology

100

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Since its discovery 40 years ago, rotavirus (RV) is considered to be a major cause of infant and childhood morbidity and mortality particularly in developing countries. Nearly every child in the world under 5 years of age is at the risk of RV infection. It is estimated that 90% of RV-associated mortalities occur in developing countries of Africa and Asia. Two live oral vaccines, RotaTeq (RV5, Merck) and Rotarix (RV1, GlaxoSmithKline) have been successfully deployed to scale down the disease burden in Europe and America, but they are less effective in Africa and Asia. In April 2009, the World Health Organization recommended the inclusion of RV vaccination in national immunization programs of all countries with great emphasis in developing countries. To date, 86 countries have included RV vaccines into their national immunization programs including 41 Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization eligible countries. The predominant RV genotypes circulating all over the world are G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8], and G9P[8], while G12[P6] and G12[P8] are emerging genotypes. On account of the segmented genome, RV shows an enormous genetic diversity that leads to the evolution of new genotypes that can influence the efficacy of current vaccines. The current need is for a global RV surveillance program to monitor the prevalence and antigenic variability of new genotypes to formulate future vaccine development planning. In this review, we will summarize the previous and recent insights into RV structure, classification, and epidemiology and current status of RV vaccination around the globe and will also cover the status of RV research and vaccine policy in Pakistan.

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Section: Most Common G and P Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus: Genetics, pathogenesis and vaccine advances

Sadiq

Bostan

Yinda

et al. 2018

Reviews in Medical Virology

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…76 On the other hand, the proportion of RVGE cases appears to have increased over time in Pakistan; as the RVGE rates were ranging from 8.2% to 29% in the earlier years (1985-1996), 105,107,116 while in the more recent years (2007-2014) the reported rates were ranging from 23.8 to 65.9. [110][111][112][113][114][115]118,119 This can be due to the difference of sensibility of EIA used during these two different periods, or to the choice and characteristics of patients investigated.…”

Section: Changes In the Detection Of Rvge Over Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…148,158,159,[162][163][164]166 RV genotype G9 was first detected in 2004 in Tunisia and from 2010, there was an increase in the prevalence of related genotypes (10.3-37.5%). 165,166 In Pakistan, the distribution of genotype combinations was heterogeneous [110][111][112]117,118 and G12P [6] was found to be one of the most prevalent RV genotype in 2014. 115 The introduction of RV vaccines had a substantial effect on G1P [8] detection.…”

Section: Rv Genotype and Evolution Of Genotypes Post-vaccine Introducmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of the rotavirus infection burden in the WHO-EMRO region

Badur¹,

Öztürk²,

Pereira³

et al. 2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Rotavirus gastroenteritis imposes a heavy burden on low- and middle-income countries. The World Health Organization defines the Eastern Mediterranean region (WHO-EMRO) as a diverse area in terms of socioeconomic status and health indicators. Rotavirus vaccination has been introduced, at least partially, in 19 out of the 22 EM countries; however, vaccine coverage remains low, and data on rotavirus disease burden is scarce.Available data on rotavirus prevalence, seasonality, vaccination status, and genotype evolution was systematically compiled following a literature review that identified 165 relevant WHO-EMRO epidemiology studies published between 1990 and 2017.Although the infectious agents responsible for acute gastroenteritis vary over time, rotavirus remained the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in children, as seen in 76.3% of reviewed publications. Younger children (<2 years old) were at higher risk and thus increased vaccination coverage and surveillance systems are required to reduce the rotavirus gastroenteritis burden in WHO-EMRO countries.

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“…Rotavirus infections are responsible for 527,000 deaths each year in developing countries [Tate et al, ]. Globally, five human G types (G1‐G4 and G9) represented 88% of the strains analyzed, although geographic and temporal differences were noticed [Lennon et al, ; De Donno et al, ; Banyai et al, 2012; Cashman et al, ; Alam et al, ; Chetrit et al, ; Razafindratsimandresy et al, ; Rivera et al, ; Tamim et al, ; Than and Kim, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing patterns of rotavirus strains circulating in Ireland: Re-emergence of G2P[4] and identification of novel genotypes in Ireland

et al. 2015

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Worldwide, Group A Rotavirus (RVA) is recognized as the most common aetiological agent of acute diarrheal disease in children. One hundred and ninety seven positive faecal samples were obtained from patients between 2006 and 2008. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify the VP7 and VP4 gene segments of these samples, and G and P typing was carried out subsequently. The most common strain type was G1P[8], and the emergent global G9-type was identified in both years. RVA strain type G2P[4], previously reported in Ireland in 1999, was also detected. Genotypes G2 and G3 in combination with P[4] were detected in 2006-2007 only. There was also an emergence of strain types including G3P[4], G9P[4], G2P[4 + 8] and G2G4P[8] in this study. Molecular analysis of the VP7 genes revealed G1 strains circulating within lineage Ic as previously reported in Ireland. In addition, new sublineage within lineage I of G1 strains was also identified. Analysis of G4 strain NRVL-Hum-49 revealed similarity with other human G4 viruses in lineage Ib. G9 strain NRVL-Hum-74 clustered with a unique G9 strain, CIT-254, in lineage IIIc. This data supports the observations made that the profile of RVA strains in Ireland appears to be dynamic. This study demonstrates that the circulation of human rotavirus is changing continuously in Ireland, and continued surveillance of the circulating strains is needed to detect the appearance of new strains, or new variants which may lead to vaccine breakthrough.

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Epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of VP7 and VP4 genes of rotaviruses circulating in Rawalpindi, Pakistan during 2010

Cited by 30 publications

References 46 publications

Rotavirus: Genetics, pathogenesis and vaccine advances

Rotavirus: Genetics, pathogenesis and vaccine advances

Systematic review of the rotavirus infection burden in the WHO-EMRO region

Changing patterns of rotavirus strains circulating in Ireland: Re-emergence of G2P[4] and identification of novel genotypes in Ireland

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