Epidemiology and pathogenesis of chronic suppurative otitis media: implications for prevention and treatment

Bluestone, Charles D.

doi:10.1016/s0165-5876(97)00147-x

Cited by 226 publications

(175 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…This variation is due to greater incidence of CSOM cases in children in our country. Male:female ratio was 1.77:1, more for males in accordance with the study done by Vlastarakos et al [7] 98 % of the patients belonged to low socioeconomic class leading to poor nutrition and lack of hygiene (less in developed countries) [8].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Role of CT Mastoids in the Diagnosis and Surgical Management of Chronic Inflammatory Ear Diseases

Majeed¹,

Reddy²

2016

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a chronic inflammation of middle ear cleft. It presents with discharging ear and decreased hearing. The diagnosis is mostly on clinical examination with otoscope or oto endoscope. Computerised Tomography (CT) of mastoids is done to evaluate the extent of the disease and its complication. High resolution CT is now the investigation of choice for temporal bone disease. This study emphasizes on the importance of CT scan in diagnosis of inflammatory ear diseases and most importantly identifying pitfalls or complications which a surgeon can come across during surgery. The aims and objectives of this study is (1) to establish the efficacy of CT in the diagnosis of the complications and surgical management of chronic inflammatory pathologies of middle ear. (2) To find subgroups of CSOM where CT is particularly useful. In this series, a total of 25 cases presenting to our OPD at Govt. ENT Hospital between 2013 and 2014 have been diagnosed and findings of surgery correlated with HRCT scan of temporal bones done preoperatively. In this study, 64 % of the patients were male and incidence of CSOM with patients undergoing surgery belonged to the age group 21-30 years (32 %). The most common presenting symptom was ear discharge (92 %) and decreased hearing (96 %). The most common type of pathology in this study was attic perforation (36 %) and granulations (40 %) followed by cholesteatoma (36 %) and mucosal edema (16 %). Not all cases presented with complications, facial palsy (12 %) and mastoid abscess (8 %) were among few complications seen. 14 patients (56 %) of 25 cases underwent simple cortical mastoidectomy followed by 9 cases (36 %) for modified radical mastoidectomy and atticotomy for 2 cases (8 %). CT scan findings correlated well with surgical findings for cholesteatoma, middle ear mass and bone erosions. Where as for ossicular integrity and facial canal dehiscence, there was a discrepancy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Role of CT Mastoids in the Diagnosis and Surgical Management of Chronic Inflammatory Ear Diseases

Majeed¹,

Reddy²

2016

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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“…Both rAOM and COME may lead to perforation of the tympanic membrane, conductive hearing loss, delayed speech development and poor educational outcomes. 2 Treatment for rAOM and COME may include insertion of tympanostomy tubes. In Australia, the cost of OM treatment was estimated at AUD$100-$400 million in 2008 (see ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FBXO11, a regulator of the TGFβ pathway, is associated with severe otitis media in Western Australian children

et al. 2011

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Otitis media (OM) is a common childhood disease characterised by middle ear inflammation following infection. Susceptibility to recurrent acute OM (rAOM) and chronic OM with effusion (COME) is highly heritable. Two murine mutants, Junbo and Jeff, spontaneously develop severe OM with similar phenotypes to human disease. Fine-mapping of these mutants identified two genes (Evi1 and Fbxo11) that interact with the transforming growth factor b (TGFb) signalling pathway. We investigated these genes, as well as four Sma-and Mad-related (SMAD) genes of the TGFb pathway, as candidate rAOM/COME susceptibility genes in two predominantly Caucasian populations. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within FBXO11 (family-based association testing Z-Score ¼ 2.61; P best ¼ 0.009) were associated with severe OM in family-based analysis of 434 families (561 affected individuals) from the Western Australian Family Study of OM. The FBXO11 association was replicated by directed analysis of Illumina 660W-Quad Beadchip data available for 253 cases and 866 controls (OR ¼ 1.55 (95% CI 1.28-1.89); P best ¼ 6.9 Â 10 À6 ) available within the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. Combined primary and replication results show P combined ¼ 2.98 Â 10 À6 . Neither cohort showed an association with EVI1 variants. Family-based associations at SMAD2 (P ¼ 0.038) and SMAD4 (P ¼ 0.048) were not replicated. Together, these data provide strong evidence for FBXO11 as a susceptibility gene for severe OM.

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“…COM: the diagnosis was defined based on the presence of chronic inflammation of the middle ear and the mastoid mucosa, with a non-intact tympanic membrane and/or purulent otorrhea with a normal external auditory canal for more than six weeks 6,12-14 ; 3. SOM: diagnosis was defined based on the evidence of serous-purulent effusion from the middle ear with an intact tympanic membrane and without active infection 6,15 , audiometry showing an air-bone gap and type B tympanometric curve.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacto da Haart na prevalência de otite média crônica em crianças brasileiras infectadas pelo HIV

Weber

Pinheiro‐Neto

Miziara

et al. 2006

Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol.

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O advento de novas drogas anti-retrovirais como os inibidores de protease provocou mudanças sensíveis na morbidade e mortalidade de pacientes infectados pelo HIV. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o impacto das novas drogas anti-retrovirais (Highly Active Anti-retroviral Therapy - HAART) na prevalência de otite média crônica em população pediátrica infectada pelo HIV. MÉTODOS: Analisamos os prontuários de 471 crianças com idade entre zero e 12 anos e 11 meses portadoras de HIV atendidas no ambulatório de AIDS de Clínica Otorrinolaringológica do HCFMUSP. As crianças foram divididas em dois grupos, de acordo com a faixa etária: 0 a 5 anos e 11 meses e 6 a 12 anos e 11 meses, e classificadas como portadoras de otite média crônica, baseadas em achados de anamnese, otoscopia, audiometria e imitanciometria. As prevalências de otite média crônica apresentadas e as contagens de linfócitos T CD4+ foram comparadas entre as crianças em uso ou não de HAART. RESULTADOS: Das 459 crianças atendidas, 65 (14,2%) apresentavam otite média crônica. Observamos, nas crianças de 0 a 5 anos e 11 meses que o uso de HAART esteve associado a significante menor prevalência de otite média crônica (p = 0,02), e maior contagem de linfócitos T CD4+ (p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: O uso de HAART esteve associado à menor prevalência da forma crônica de otite média entre crianças menores de 6 anos infectadas pelo HIV, provavelmente como conseqüência do aumento promovido na contagem de linfócitos T CD4+.

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Epidemiology and pathogenesis of chronic suppurative otitis media: implications for prevention and treatment

Cited by 226 publications

References 73 publications

Role of CT Mastoids in the Diagnosis and Surgical Management of Chronic Inflammatory Ear Diseases

Role of CT Mastoids in the Diagnosis and Surgical Management of Chronic Inflammatory Ear Diseases

FBXO11, a regulator of the TGFβ pathway, is associated with severe otitis media in Western Australian children

Impacto da Haart na prevalência de otite média crônica em crianças brasileiras infectadas pelo HIV

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