Epidemiology and Outcomes of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Hamid, Gamal Abdul

doi:10.5772/intechopen.96802

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 84 publications

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“…Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an uncommon cancer worldwide, although it is frequent in South East Asia, with an incidence of 6.4/100,000 males and 2.4/100,000 females. [ 1 ] Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) are two modern techniques for delivering precise radiation doses to tumors while minimizing exposure to surrounding healthy tissues. Both techniques use computer algorithms to control the intensity and shape of radiation beams, allowing for more precise targeting of tumors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dosimetric comparison of volumetric-modulated arc therapy and IMRT for cochlea-sparing radiation therapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer

Ahirwar,

Nanda,

Parida

2023

J Med Phys

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Background: Head-and-neck cancer treatment includes radiotherapy as a crucial component. However, radiotherapy, like other treatment modalities, has its own side effects, some of which can be avoided using the latest medical technology and understanding the illness. Despite being a relatively uncommon subtype of head-and-neck cancer, radiation is essential in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Because of the complex anatomy of the nasopharyngeal region, it is difficult to plan radiotherapy without sparing the cochlea, an important part of the auditory system, and the radiotherapy dosage to it may cause sensorineural hearing loss. In the modern era, volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) have become the gold standard in radiotherapy. With the advancement of these techniques, cochlear sparing is now possible without compromising the tumor dose. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 14 plans for patients with locally advanced NPC who had received radiation in our department. VMAT plans were created for patients who had IMRT radiotherapy and vice versa. Both approaches were evaluated in terms of cochlea sparing while maintaining the coverage of the planned target volume (PTV). Results: Our study compared the results of two different radiation techniques for locally advanced NPC, IMRT, and VMAT in 14 cases, and we found that VMAT was associated with a lower maximum dose to the cochlea, a lower mean dose to the cochlea, a higher PTV D98% (Gy), a lower PTV D2% (Gy), a higher PTV V95% (%), a lower heterogeneity index, and a higher conformity index. The P value for each comparison was <0.05, which indicates that the difference is statistically significant. These results suggest that VMAT is a better radiation technique than IMRT for locally advanced NPC. VMAT is associated with a lower dose to the cochlea and other organs at risk, which can improve the quality of life and survival of patients. Conclusion: These results suggest that VMAT is a better radiation technique than IMRT for locally advanced NPC. VMAT is associated with a lower dose to the cochlea and other organs at risk, which can improve the quality of life and survival of patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dosimetric comparison of volumetric-modulated arc therapy and IMRT for cochlea-sparing radiation therapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer

Ahirwar,

Nanda,

Parida

2023

J Med Phys

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Lightweight Compound Scaling Network for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Segmentation from MR Images

Liu

Han

Liu

2022

Sensors

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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a category of tumours with a high incidence in head-and-neck. To treat nasopharyngeal cancer, doctors invariably need to perform focal segmentation. However, manual segmentation is time consuming and laborious for doctors and the existing automatic segmentation methods require large computing resources, which makes some small and medium-sized hospitals unaffordable. To enable small and medium-sized hospitals with limited computational resources to run the model smoothly and improve the accuracy of structure, we propose a new LW-UNet network. The network utilises lightweight modules to form the Compound Scaling Encoder and combines the benefits of UNet to make the model both lightweight and accurate. Our model achieves a high accuracy with a Dice coefficient value of 0.813 with 3.55 M parameters and 7.51 G of FLOPs within 0.1 s (testing time in GPU), which is the best result compared with four other state-of-the-art models.

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Nutritional Status of Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Dewi

Fakhrizal

Boesoirie

et al. 2021

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common malignant tumor found in the otorhinolaryngology department of the head and neck. On the other hand, malnutrition is common problems among patients with cancer. AIM: The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between NPC stage and nutritional status. METHODS: Data were obtained retrospectively through medical records of NPC patients at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung and Santosa Hospital Bandung Kopo who were examined in the first examination between 2016 and 2020. Data collection included age, gender, NPC stage, and body mass index (BMI) of all patients. To analyze the association among variables, Mann–Whitney, Chi-square test with alternative Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and Fisher’s exact for categorical data, and multivariate analysis with binary logistic regression were performed. RESULTS: Patients who were included in this study found 554 people, mostly malnourished. There was a significant difference between the NPC stage and the level of malnutrition with p = 0.0001, but there was no significant difference between the NPC stage and age (p = 0.353), the NPC stage and gender (p = 0.074), BMI and age only (p = 0.194), early stage only (p =0.464), and late stage only (p = 0.368); BMI and gender in early and late stage (p = 0.411), early stage only (p = 0.583), and late stage only (p = 0.731). CONCLUSION: At an advanced stage of NPC, the BMI value will be lower.

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Epidemiology and Outcomes of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Cited by 3 publications

References 84 publications

A dosimetric comparison of volumetric-modulated arc therapy and IMRT for cochlea-sparing radiation therapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer

A dosimetric comparison of volumetric-modulated arc therapy and IMRT for cochlea-sparing radiation therapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer

Lightweight Compound Scaling Network for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Segmentation from MR Images

Nutritional Status of Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

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