Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of GERD in the Japanese population

Fujiwara, Yasuhiro; Arakawa, Tetsuo

doi:10.1007/s00535-009-0047-5

Cited by 295 publications

(363 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…The prevalence of GERD has increased among Asian populations in recent decades, and the increment in the rate of GERD in Asians is thought to be caused by several factors. An increased prevalence of obesity due to Westernization of the diet is considered to be one of the most important factors for increasing the prevalence of reflux esophagitis in Japanese patients (6)(7)(8)(9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GERD has been becoming more prevalent in Asian populations in recent decades, and although the disease is considered to be a common disorder in both Western and Asian populations, its increasing prevalence in Asia may be due to multiple factors, such as the Westernization of eating habits, decrease in the rate of Helicobacter pylori infection, increased gastric acid secretion and a larger elderly population, as well as other factors (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). High intra-abdominal pressure caused by abdominal fat accumulation has been demonstrated to increase the gastroesophageal pressure gradient and incidence of gastroesophageal reflux, while obesity and a high body mass index (BMI) have repeatedly been reported to be correlated with a high prevalence of reflux esophagitis and symptoms of GERD (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender Differences in the Time-Course Changes of Reflux Esophagitis in Japanese Patients

et al. 2015

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Objective Obesity is related to an increased prevalence of reflux esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms. This study was performed to clarify the influence of gender on time-course changes in the rate of a high BMI and incidence of reflux esophagitis in Japanese subjects. Results A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that a high BMI, milder degree of gastric mucosal atrophy and larger size of diaphragmatic hiatus were significant predictive factors for the presence of reflux esophagitis in both men and women. The number of male subjects with reflux esophagitis and a high BMI increased during the 10-year examination period. In contrast, the number of individuals with reflux esophagitis and a high BMI was not increased among women. For both men and women, the proportions of patients with a large diaphragmatic hiatus and mild gastric mucosal atrophy increased during the 10-year period. Conclusion The prevalence of reflux esophagitis in the female subjects remained constant over 10 years, different from that observed in the men. A lack of change in BMI may be an important factor accounting for the constant prevalence of reflux esophagitis in women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in the Time-Course Changes of Reflux Esophagitis in Japanese Patients

et al. 2015

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“…The questions concerning GERD symptoms were on the presence or absence of heartburn (a burning sensation or discomfort behind the breast bone in the chest) and/or acid regurgitation (a bitter or sour-tasting fluid coming into the throat or mouth), and the frequency of these symptoms (every day, more than 1 day a week, 1 day a week, 2-3 days a month, 1 day a month, and less than 1 day a month). Subjects who had heartburn and/or acid regurgitation at least 1 day a week were defined as having GERD (4,6). The self-report questionnaire also included key questions regarding FD and IBS from the Rome III Integrative Questionnaire (5).…”

Section: Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

“…IBS is characterized by abdominal pain or discomfort, and is associated with disturbed defecation (5). The incidence of such functional GI diseases, especially GERD, has been increasing in Japan (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Smoking and its Association with Overlapping Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Functional Dyspepsia, or Irritable Bowel Syndrome

et al. 2011

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Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), functional dyspepsia (FD), and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are common gastrointestinal diseases. Several studies have shown a significant occurrence of overlap among these 3 diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors associated with such disease overlap in Japanese adults. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study on Japanese workers who visited a clinic for a routine health check-up and asked them to fill out a self-report questionnaire. GERD was defined as episodes of heartburn and/or acid regurgitation at least once a week, and the diagnosis of FD and IBS was based on Rome III criteria. A logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors, and odds ratio (OR) was calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Disease overlaps were found in 160 (6.0%) of the 2680 eligible subjects. Female gender was associated with GERD + IBS (OR=1.99; 95% CI, 1.06-3.75), and FD + IBS (OR=1.72; 95% CI, 1.03-2.85), and lower body mass index was negatively associated with FD + IBS (OR=0.54; 96% CI, 0.34-0.87). Cigarette smoking was a common factor associated with the overlaps: GERD + FD (OR=2.14; 95% CI, 1.22-3.76), GERD + IBS (OR=3.16; 95% CI, 1.75-3.71), FD + IBS (OR=2.26; 95% CI, 1.40-3.66), and GERD + FD + IBS (OR=4.08; 95% CI, 1.66-10.07). The associations between smoking habits and overlaps were stronger in smokers who smoked !1 pack per day as compared to those who smoked <1 pack per day. Conclusion Cigarette smoking was significantly associated with overlaps among GERD, FD, and IBS in Japanese adults.

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“…Recommended surveillance intervals provided in the AGA medical position statement suggest intervals of 3-5 years for patients who have no dysplasia, 6-12 months for those with low-grade dysplasia (LGD), and every 3 months for patients with high-grade dysplasia (HGD) who receive no ablation therapy; however, it is a weak recommendation accompanied by lowquality evidence [35]. In Asia including Japan, although the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been increasing in recent years [49][50][51][52][53], EAC remains rare and has not increased [54][55][56][57].…”

Section: Risk Factors For Eac or Dysplasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcinogenesis of Barrett’s esophagus: a review of the clinical literature

Watari

Oshima

Fukui

et al. 2013

Clin J Gastroenterol

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Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a premalignant condition of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Although the incidence of BE has risen rapidly in the West, it is rare in Asia despite a recent increase in the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Controversies over the definition of BE are presented because most cases show shortsegment BE, especially ultra-short BE, in Asia. Here we review possible risk factors for the development of EAC, particularly possible roles of ethnicity, specialized intestinal metaplasia (SIM), BE length, and environmental factors, such as Helicobacter pylori infection and obesity. Additionally, we summarize recent studies on the effect of chemoprevention including proton pump inhibitors, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or aspirin in order to reduce the risk of neoplastic progression in BE patients. Although substantial knowledge of risk factors of dysplasia/EAC in BE is shown, the risk for neoplastic development may be influenced by geographic variation, study population, the presence or absence of SIM or dysplasia at baseline, and the small number of BE patients investigated. Recently, the efficiency of surveillance for BE patients has been discussed from the standpoint of cost-effectiveness. It may be too difficult to draw conclusions because no randomized clinical trials of BE surveillance have been performed.

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Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of GERD in the Japanese population

Cited by 295 publications

References 86 publications

Gender Differences in the Time-Course Changes of Reflux Esophagitis in Japanese Patients

Gender Differences in the Time-Course Changes of Reflux Esophagitis in Japanese Patients

Cigarette Smoking and its Association with Overlapping Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Functional Dyspepsia, or Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Carcinogenesis of Barrett’s esophagus: a review of the clinical literature

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