Epidemiological Survey of Multiple Sclerosis in the Provinces of Reggio Emilia and Modena, Italy

Guidetti, Donata; Cavalletti, S.; Merelli, E.; Zanoni, P.; Simonazzi, P.; Sola, Peter A.; Solimé, F

doi:10.1159/000109772

Cited by 33 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…An increase in the incidence rate in recent years w'as de tected also for other diseases. Such an in crease had been previously ascribed to im proved diagnostic ability and care, but ALS alone increased to such a remarkable extent (141.9%), unlike, for instance, multiple scle rosis, which had increased just in the period 1970-80 compared to the rate relevant to the period 1980-90 (72%), and did not change in the period 1980-90 [40], We think the disease frequency is likely to have truly increased in recent years, as some other au thors have suggested [41]. Our study, too, confirmed the distribution according to sex and age already reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Epidemiological Survey of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the Province of Reggio Emilia, Italy: Influence of Environmental Exposure to Lead

et al. 1996

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We carried out a retrospective incidence, prevalence and mortality survey of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the province of Reggio Emilia, northern Italy. Based on 79 patients, the mean incidence per year for the period 1980 through 1992 was 1.5 cases per 100,000. On December 31st, 1992, the prevalence rate was 5.4 per 100,000. In the 10-year period of 1983–1992 the average mortality rate was 1.3 per 100,000 per year. The average age at onset was 61.3 ± 10.2, the average survival period thereafter was 26.3 months ± 17.7; 27.3 ± 17.6 for classic ALS, 19.5 ±8.4 for progressive bulbar palsy and 36.3 ±41.4 for pseudopolyneuritic ALS. The incidence rate, recorded in public health district No. 12, an area with documented lead pollution since the 1970s, was standardized to the sex and age of the population of the province. Its incidence and prevalence rate were comparable to the rates found in the remaining area of the province.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Epidemiological Survey of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the Province of Reggio Emilia, Italy: Influence of Environmental Exposure to Lead

et al. 1996

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“…Zivadinov/Iona/Monti-Bragadin/Bosco/ Jurjevic/Taus/Cazzato/Zorzon [10] 37° S 1981 71 Australia, Newcastle [9] 32° S 1981 73 Australia, Perth [9] 31° S 1981 73 Australia, New South Wales [11] 30-33° S 1981 69 Australia, South Australia [11] 27-30° S 1981 69 Brazil, City of Sao Paolo [12] 23-24° S 1981 69 Australia, Queensland [13] 10-19° S 1981 73 India, Bombay [14] 19° N 1988 70 Japan, 10 cities [15] 26-44° N 1972-1978 76 Kuwait (in Kuwaitis) [16] 28-30° N 1988 69 Kuwait (in Palestinians) [16] 28-30° N 1988 69 Libya, Benghazi [17] 32° N 1984 75 Israel, native-born Israelis whose father was born in Europe or in America [18] 34° N 1981 74 Israel, native-born Israelis whose father was born in Africa or Asia [18] 34° N 1981 74 Israel, native-born Israelis whose father was born in Israel [18] 34° N 1981 74 Israel, immigrants to Israel born in Africa or Asia [18] 34° N 1981 74 Spain, Velez-Malaga [19] 36° N 1991 69 Italy, Sicily, Monreale [20] 38° N 1991 69 Spain, Alcoy, Valencia [21] 39° N 1988 73 Greece, Northern Greece [22] 39-41° N 1984 75 Spain, Teruel [23] 39-41° N 1996 69 Italy, Sardinia, Alghero [24] 40° N 1980 70 Italy, Sardinia, Sassari [25] 41° N 1985 70 Italy, Northwestern Sardinia [26] 41° N 1991 69 Spain, Catalonia, Osona [27] 41° N 1991 69 Spain, Asturias, Gijon health district [28] 43° N 1994 69 Canada, Ontario, London County [29] 43° N 1984 70 Italy, Ferrara [30] 44° N 1993 69 Italy, Reggio Emila and Modena [31] 44° N 1990 72 Italy, Modena [32] 44° N 1990 72 USA, Minnesota, Olmsted County [33] 44° N 1 9 7 8 7 0 USA, Minnesota, Rochester [33] 44° N 1 9 7 8 7 0 USA, Minnesota, Mower County [33] 44° N 1 9 7 8 7 0 USA, Minnesota, Olmsted County …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates in Epidemiological Studies on Multiple Sclerosis

Zivadinov

Iona²,

Monti-Bragadin

et al. 2003

Neuroepidemiology

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Objective: To demonstrate whether or not the age and sex adjustment of incidence and prevalence rates in multiple sclerosis (MS) could allow more reliable comparison between epidemiological studies performed in different areas of the world and to establish if the latitude gradient theory could be confirmed after the standardization for age and sex distribution. Methods: A meta-analysis of population-based incidence and prevalence studies on MS from 1980 through 1998 using the terms ‘multiple sclerosis’, ‘prevalence’ and ‘incidence’ in the bibliographic databases MEDLINE and EMBASE was performed. We included studies that reported the diagnostic criteria, number of cases and the population studied, the date of the study, the latitude, and the age- and sex-specific crude incidence and prevalence rates. According to the inclusion criteria, 69 of 127 papers on prevalence and 22 of 70 papers on incidence were considered for age adjustment and 27 prevalence and 8 incidence studies for sex adjustment. The mean incidence and prevalencerates and the 95% confidence intervals age- and sex-adjusted to the World and the European standard populations were calculated. Results: The Spearman rank correlation and the multiple regression analyses indicated that age adjustment to standard populations could overcome the limitations in comparing the crude prevalence and incidence rates of different epidemiological studies on MS. When the mean crude and age- and sex-adjusted prevalence and age-adjusted incidence rates were stratified by latitude (from south to north), the latitudinal gradient, which was highly significant for the crude rates, became less remarkable for the age- and sex-adjusted prevalence rates and not significant for the age-adjusted incidence rates. Conclusions: The crude incidence and prevalence rates in epidemiological studies on MS should be age- and sex-adjusted to a common standard population to permit a more reliable comparison among studies performed in different countries. Our findings support the opinion that the latitude does not play a key role in determining the onset of MS. Whenever possible, the crude incidence and prevalence rates should be adjusted to the ethnic origin and migration characteristics.

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“…An average of recently reported MS incidence rates worldwide would approximate 3.7 per 100,000 population [6] , with a reported low of 1.7 in Reggio Emilia and Modena, Italy [14], and a high of 8.7 in Uusimaa, Finland [15] . In fact, compared to this range, the First Nations rate in Alberta at 7.6 per 100,000 population in 2002 would place it among the world's highest rates.…”

Section: Magnitude Of First Nations People Incidence Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis among First Nations People in Alberta, Canada

Warren

Svenson²,

Warren³

et al. 2006

Neuroepidemiology

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is thought to be rare among North American aboriginals, although few population-based frequency studies have been conducted. Data from government health databases were used to describe the incidence of MS among First Nations aboriginal people in the province of Alberta compared to the general population from 1994 to 2002. The general population rates were consistently higher than First Nations rates, but were essentially stable across this time span for both groups. For First Nations the MS incidence was 7.6 per 100,000 and 20.6 per 100,000 for the general population in 2002. During 2000–2002 for First Nations the incidence was 12.7 for females and 7.6 for males, with a female-to-male ratio of 1.7:1. During the same period the general population incidence was 32.2 for females and 12.7 for males, with a female-to-male ratio of 2.5:1. The peak incidence for both First Nations and the general population of Alberta was in the age group 30–39 years in 2002. The high incidence rates are consistent with high prevalence rates reported for both groups in 2002: 99.9 per 100,000 for First Nations and 335.0 per 100,000 for the general population. While the MS incidence in First Nations people is lower than in the general population of Alberta, it is not rare by worldwide standards.

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Epidemiological Survey of Multiple Sclerosis in the Provinces of Reggio Emilia and Modena, Italy

Cited by 33 publications

References 8 publications

Epidemiological Survey of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the Province of Reggio Emilia, Italy: Influence of Environmental Exposure to Lead

Epidemiological Survey of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the Province of Reggio Emilia, Italy: Influence of Environmental Exposure to Lead

The Use of Standardized Incidence and Prevalence Rates in Epidemiological Studies on Multiple Sclerosis

Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis among First Nations People in Alberta, Canada

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