Epidemiological survey of Giardia spp. and Blastocystis hominis in an Argentinian rural community

Minvielle, Marta Cecilia; Pezzani, Betina Cecilia; Córdoba, María Alejandra; Luca, María Marta De; Apezteguía, María; Basualdo, Juan Ángel

doi:10.3347/kjp.2004.42.3.121

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The current finding is comparable to previously reported frequencies in several countries including Saudi Arabia (17.5%) [30], Malaysia (25.7%) [31], Jordan (25%) [32], Egypt (31%) [33], 25.78% in Venezuela [34] and 22.9% in Argentina [35]. On the other hand, significantly lower infection rates ranged between 9 and 12% were recently reported in Saudi Arabia [36, 37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Predominance and association risk of Blastocystis hominis subtype I in colorectal cancer: a case control study

Ahmed

et al. 2017

Infect Agents Cancer

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Background Blastocystis, a genetically diverse intestinal parasite with controversial pathogenic potential, has increasingly been incriminated for diarrheal illness in immunocompromised individuals including colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The aim of the current study was to assess the possible association between Blastocystis infection and CRC condition in Makkah, Saudi Arabia (KSA).MethodsStool samples were collected from 80 non-cancer (NC) and 138 cancer subjects including 74 CRC patients and 64 patients with other cancers outside gastrointestinal tract (COGT). Molecularly confirmed Blastocystis isolates were genetically grouped and subtyped using multiplex polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and sequence-tagged site primers-based PCR (PCR-STS), respectively.Results Blastocystis hominis were confirmed in 29.7, 25 and 15% among CRC, COGT and NC patients, respectively. Obtained Blastocystis isolates were initially categorized into 2 groups (A and C), which were subsequently subtyped into 3 different subtypes; subtype-I (38%), subtype-II (44%) and subtype-V (22%). Interestingly, subtype-I was the most predominantly detected subtype (54.5%) among CRC patients with a significant association risk (COR 7.548; 95% CI: 1.629–34.987; P = 0.004).ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first to provide genetic insights on the prevalence of Blastocystis hominis among CRC patients in Makkah, KSA. Moreover, the study suggests for a possible association between subtype-I of Blastocystis hominis and CRC, which could indicate a potential influence of Blastocystis on CRC condition. Further studies are required to confirm this association risk and to investigate the possible underlying mechanism of postulated carcinogenic influence of Blastocystis hominis subtype-I.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13027-017-0131-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Predominance and association risk of Blastocystis hominis subtype I in colorectal cancer: a case control study

Ahmed

et al. 2017

Infect Agents Cancer

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“…Vials for a serial coproparasitological analysis and a perianal swab method were delivered to the parents of each of the children taking part in this study [30,31]. Instructions for sample taking were imparted orally and in writing to parents/guardians.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal parasites and genotypes of Giardia intestinalis in school children from Berisso, Argentina

Molina

Pezzani

Ciarmela

et al. 2011

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Intestinal parasitic infections have been reported in different regions of Argentina. Giardia intestinalis is recognized as "the national parasite". The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of both intestinal parasites and G. intestinalis genotypes, as well as to analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics in schoolchildren from a suburban community. Methodology: Serial coproparasitological analysis and perianal swab method were performed in 244 schoolchildren. Demographic, sociocultural and environmental variables were registered. The presence of signs/symptoms and risk behaviours were also recorded. Stools with G. intestinalis were selected for genotyping. Results: Out of 244 schoolchildren, 179/244 (73.4%) were infected with intestinal parasites. The presence of intestinal parasitosis was associated only with house flooding. Multivariate analysis identified that use of a latrine is significantly correlated with G. intestinalis and age six to 11 years with E. vermicularis. Signs and symptoms were recorded in 62% of infected children and in 57.9% of those not infected. Genomic amplification was revealed that 65.7% (46/70) of Giardia positive samples corresponded to genotype B, 31.4% (22/70) to genotype AII, and two samples (2.8%) had mixed infection (AII + B). Conclusions: This study shows a high percentage of infected children living in a suburban community in poor sanitary conditions, and not visiting the doctor in spite of evident signs and symptoms associated a digestive pathology. This situation supports the need for continuing the development of community programs allowing the improvement of quality of life and control of parasitosis in deprived populations.

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“…In Latin America almost 15% of the rural population is infected with Giardia [Atías, 1999]. In Argentina, two human studies showed a prevalence of 10% in urban areas, 34% in small towns (same as villages considered in our study) [Gamboa et al, 2003], and 4% in rural areas [Minvielle et al, 2004]. In animals from this region the reported prevalence of Giardia is 7.5% in cattle, 18.6% in dogs, and 3.9% in rodents ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Black and gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya) as sentinels of ecosystem health: patterns of zoonotic protozoa infection relative to degree of human–primate contact

Kowalewski

Salzer

Deutsch

et al. 2010

American J Primatol

127

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Exponential expansion of human populations and human activities within primate habitats has resulted in high potential for pathogen exchange creating challenges for biodiversity conservation and global health. Under such conditions, resilient habitat generalists such as black and gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya) may act as effective sentinels to overall ecosystem health and alert us to impending epidemics in the human population. To better understand this potential, we examined noninvasively collected fecal samples from black and gold howler monkeys from remote, rural, and village populations in Northern Argentina. We examined all samples (n=90) for the zoonotic protozoa Cryptosporidium sp. and Giardia sp. via immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) detection. All samples were negative for Cryptosporidium sp. The prevalence of Giardia sp. was significantly higher at the rural site (67%) compared with the remote forest (57%) and village (40%) sites. A lack of Cryptosporidium sp. in all samples examined suggests that this pathogen is not a natural component of the howler parasite communities at these sites and that current land-use patterns and livestock contact are not exposing Argentine howler monkeys to this pathogen. High prevalence of Giardia sp. at all sites suggests that howler monkeys may serve as a viable reservoir for Giardia. Significantly higher prevalence of Giardia sp. at the rural site, where primate-livestock contact is highest, suggests the presence of multiple Giardia clades or increased exposure to Giardia through repeated zoonotic transmission among nonhuman primates, livestock, and/or people. These results highlight the need for future research into the epidemiology, cross-species transmission ecology, and clinical consequences of Giardia and other infectious agents not only in humans and livestock, but also in the wild animals that share their environments.

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Epidemiological survey of Giardia spp. and Blastocystis hominis in an Argentinian rural community

Abstract: 2). Statistical analysis revealed that a male sex, flooding of the home, the use of a latrine, and an abdominal pain were correlated with the presence of these parasites, which indicate the importance of these factors in rural communities.

Cited by 33 publications

References 12 publications

Predominance and association risk of Blastocystis hominis subtype I in colorectal cancer: a case control study

Predominance and association risk of Blastocystis hominis subtype I in colorectal cancer: a case control study

Intestinal parasites and genotypes of Giardia intestinalis in school children from Berisso, Argentina

Black and gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya) as sentinels of ecosystem health: patterns of zoonotic protozoa infection relative to degree of human–primate contact

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