Epidemiological surveillance study of gonococcal infection in Northern Spain

A Single Amino Acid Substitution in Elongation Factor G Can Confer Low-Level Gentamicin Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae

“…However, we stress that if Gen usage for treating gonorrheal infection becomes more prominent worldwide, compensatory mutations which relieve the fitness cost without changing Gen R may develop, allowing the proliferation of fusA2 -bearing strains in communities. Furthermore, based on our studies and those of others ( 21 – 24 , 42 – 46 ), it will also become critical to include Gen in routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing so that Ng isolates with decreased susceptibility to this aminoglycoside can be identified and studied.…”

“…Presently, the prevalence of Gen susceptibility depends largely on the region of study. In Malawi, China, Europe, and the U.S., Ng isolates showed universal susceptibility to Gen (MICs of ≤8 μg/mL) ( 21 – 24 , 42 ). In contrast, intermediate or reduced susceptibility to Gen has been seen in Jamaica, India, South Africa, and Côte d’Ivoire ( 43 – 46 ).…”

Genome‐based epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Spain: A prospective multicentre study

“…Previous studies on the molecular epidemiology of NG published in Spain are based on NGMAST, with G1407, G2992 and G2400 being the most prevalent genotypes in Southern Spain, 25 Northern Spain 24 and Madrid, 36 respectively. The only study in which WGS was used was that by Francés‐Cuesta et al 37 (data not published), which included 342 isolates from several areas of the national territory.…”

“…To date, data on the molecular epidemiology of NG in Spain are scarce and focused on regional data, [23][24][25] and most data are only based on NG multi-antigen sequence typing (NG-MAST) which has important limitations, including insufficient resolution to identify closely related clones or to assess transmission events. 26 In contrast, the use of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in conjunction with epidemiological and phenotypical data enhances understanding of the distribution and spread of antimicrobial-resistant clades allowing the identification of short-term transmission chains.…”

Penicillin-Binding Protein Occupancy Dataset for 18 β-Lactams and 4 β-Lactamase Inhibitors in Neisseria gonorrhoeae

“…As a result of multiple resistance mechanisms coexisting in successful lineages, antimicrobial resistance rates and gonococcal treatment failures have increased worldwide ( 5 , 7 , 11 , 23 to 27 ). Thus, nonoptimized dual-antimicrobial regimens might not be effective long-term solutions.…”