Epidemiological Study of Pertussis Immunization Effectiveness in Varna Region (2009-2014)

Tsankova, Gabriela; Ivanova, E.Y.; Todorova, Tatina T.; Konstantinov, Rumen; Ermenlieva, Neli; Draganova, Ianka

doi:10.5272/jimab.2016222.1154

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…In Bulgaria, the NIP mandates DTaP at 2, 3, 4 and 16 months (not earlier than 12 months after the 3rd dose) and an aP booster at 6 years and 12 years [ 34 ]. A wP vaccine was used in Bulgaria until 2008 when it was replaced with an aP vaccine [ 78 ].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bulgaria had 29 pertussis cases notified between 2009 and 2014, of which 5 were PCR confirmed, and the incidence rate was highest in infants aged < 1 year (12 cases), followed by children aged 0–9 years (9 cases) [ 78 ]. In a Bulgarian study of hospitalised children and adolescents, among 28 PCR-confirmed cases between 2009 and 2016, 64% were aged > 1 year and 21% aged 1–3 years, whereas only two cases were aged 10–14 years [ 77 ].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Bordetella pertussis in School-Age Children, Adolescents and Adults: A Systematic Review of Epidemiology and Mortality in Europe

Macina

Evans

2021

Infect Dis Ther

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Pertussis (whooping cough) epidemics persist globally despite high vaccine coverage among infants and young children. The resurgence of pertussis in high-income countries is partly due to waning vaccine immunity, resulting in a pool of unprotected adolescents and adults. However, pertussis is generally less severe in adolescents and adults, and this difference in presentation means it can often be unrecognised by healthcare professionals, meaning that it is largely under-diagnosed in older populations. A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and BIOSIS was undertaken to identify studies published between 1 January 1990 and 17 June 2019, with information on pertussis epidemiology and mortality in school-aged children, adolescents and adults in Europe. A formal statistical comparison (e.g. using meta-analyses) was not possible because of the mix of methodologies reported. There were 69 epidemiological studies and 19 mortality studies identified for review. Over the past decade, the reported incidence of notified pertussis cases varied widely between European countries, which is likely associated with differences in surveillance systems, diagnostic techniques and reporting regulations. However, several studies show that pertussis is circulating among adolescents and adults in Europe, and although pertussis-related morbidity and mortality are highest in infants, there is evidence that adults aged > 50 years are at increased risk. For example, in a hospital-based surveillance study in Portugal, between 2000 and 2015, 94% of hospitalised pertussis cases were infants aged < 1 year, with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 0.8%; however, among hospitalised adult cases of pertussis, the CFRs were 11.5% (aged 18–64 years) and 17.4% (aged > 65 years). Very few European countries currently include pertussis boosters for adults in the national immunisation strategy. In addition to increasing pertussis vaccination coverage in adolescents and adults, mitigation strategies in European countries should include improved diagnosis and treatment in these populations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40121-021-00520-9.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%