Epidemiological Study of Carbon Monoxide Deaths in Scotland 2007–2016,

Lisbona, Claudia Forés; Hamnett, Hilary

doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13790

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Deaths occurred in all months, with the most occurring in winter (42%). This trend has been observed in many other studies [ 5 , 14 , 18 , 24 , 25 ]. High risk behaviours to keep warm in cooler months, such as using unventilated appliances to heat the home or running car engines inside enclosed spaces, such as garages, are likely factors here.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Fatal Unintentional Non-Fire Related Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: Data from Narrative Verdicts in England and Wales, 1998–2019

Close¹,

Iqbal²,

Jones

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Unintentional non-fire related (UNFR) carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning continues to cause fatalities. The narrative verdicts from coroners concerning fatal UNFR CO poisoning in England and Wales, 1998–2019, were collated by the Office for National Statistics. Search terms related to CO exposure were used to obtain information regarding the circumstances of death. Findings were grouped by the location of death, the source of CO, and the reason or behaviour underlying the exposure. There were 750 deaths (77% male). The annual number of deaths decreased over the period studied. Two thirds (68%) of the deaths occurred in the autumn or winter. From the records with information, 59% of deaths occurred within a dwelling (67% male). Males also predominated deaths within vehicles (91%) and garages or outbuildings (95%). From the deaths with information, domestic piped gas was the most common source of CO (36%) and the most frequent underlying factor was inadequate ventilation of exhaust gases (39%, 91% male). Despite the decrease in the annual number of deaths over the study period, there remains a clear need for measures that raise awareness of the dangers of CO poisoning, especially amongst men working alone in garages or outbuildings. Education campaigns and fitting and maintaining CO alarms in high-risk areas should be encouraged.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Fatal Unintentional Non-Fire Related Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: Data from Narrative Verdicts in England and Wales, 1998–2019

Close¹,

Iqbal²,

Jones

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…3–6 CO is an oxygen antagonist, readily binding to haemoglobin to form carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) preventing oxygen exchange with tissues. 6–8…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6] CO is an oxygen antagonist, readily binding to haemoglobin to form carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) preventing oxygen exchange with tissues. [6][7][8] Suicide by CO toxicity requires some level of premeditation and planning as occurred in Case 2 where the purchase of materials occurred the day before death with connection of a pipe to feed exhaust fumes into the vehicle cabin. 9 CO does not need to be directly piped into the cabin as the vehicle may be parked in an enclosed, confined space such as garage and allowed to run (as occurred in Case 1).…”

Section: Inhalation Of Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of suicides related to motor vehicles

et al. 2022

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Although vehicles may be used in a wide variety of suicides, this has not been a focus in the forensic literature. Thus, an analysis of coronial autopsy reports at Forensic Science SA, Adelaide, South Australia over a 16-year period from January 2005 to December 2020 was undertaken to provide an overview of cases in which it was considered that a vehicle had been integral to the successful completion of a suicide. De-identified details were collected from all cases in which a vehicle had facilitated or been used as a method of suicide. A number of different types of vehicle-related suicide methods were identified, including cases where vehicles had been used as secure places for suicide or where the vehicle had been used to cause significant blunt force trauma or to enter a lethal environment such as water. Specific examples were taken from the following categories: (1) inhalation of gas, (2) drug toxicity, (3) hanging or ligature strangulation, (4) self-immolation, (5) drowning, (6) vehicle collision, (7) driving off a cliff, (8) jumping or lying in front of a vehicle and (9) the use of more than one method (i.e. complex). This report is not intended to provide an epidemiological analysis of car-related suicides. Instead, the details of selected cases have been used to illustrate the spectrum of methods that may be used in vehicle-assisted suicides.

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“…Although there was no change in the incidence of CO poisoning between 1992 and 2017, they reported that the risk of death decreased by 36%. Forés & Hamnett (2018) stated that deaths due to CO poisoning are more common in men than women since men are more in contact with CO. Mattiuzzi & Lippi (2020) , on the other hand, argued that although there was no difference in gender in terms of incidence, the death rate due to CO poisoning in men was twice that of women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon monoxide poisoning: beyond survival - mortality, morbidities, and risk factors, a Turkey sample

Öz,

Küçükkelepçe,

Kurt

et al. 2023

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Background We aimed to investigate the effect of poisoning on mortality leading to new morbidities in people who survived the poisoning. Methods The descriptive-retrospective study evaluated all carbon monoxide poisoning cases between 2012 and 2022 in the Adiyaman. For the fatality, all cases were followed up through Turkey’s death notification system until the end of 2022. One-year health records of cases treated as inpatients in Adiyaman hospitals were analyzed for nine diagnoses. A total of 4,395 carbon monoxide cases, recorded over 11 years, were all noted to be accidental cases. Results The rate of carbon monoxide poisoning in Adıyaman was calculated as 63.2 per hundred thousand. A total of 87 (2%) of the cases died. The population’s hospitalization rate was 1.71, while the mortality rate was 1.25 in a hundred thousand. Among the cases, the hospitalization rate was 2.7, and the admission to intensive care rate was 1.7. The fatality rate was 6.5% for those hospitalized and 12.2% for those admitted to the intensive care unit. The highest fatality rate was 65.5% in patients aged 65 and above. One out of five morbidities was developed in 8.4% of cases within one year. The fatality rate of those who developed morbidities (40%) was higher than those who did not (5.5%). Being male posed a 1,886-fold risk for mortality, and each increase in age posed a 1,086-fold risk for mortality. Conclusion Individuals who had carbon monoxide poisoning should be followed up closely for one year after poisoning due to the possibility of the emergence of new morbidities that increase the risk of mortality.

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Epidemiological Study of Carbon Monoxide Deaths in Scotland 2007–2016,

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

Fatal Unintentional Non-Fire Related Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: Data from Narrative Verdicts in England and Wales, 1998–2019

Fatal Unintentional Non-Fire Related Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: Data from Narrative Verdicts in England and Wales, 1998–2019

An overview of suicides related to motor vehicles

Carbon monoxide poisoning: beyond survival - mortality, morbidities, and risk factors, a Turkey sample

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