Epidemiological profiles and pathogenicity of Vancomycin-resistant <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> clinical isolates in Taiwan

Lin, Pei-Yun; Chan, Shang-Yih; Stern, Arnold; Chen, Po-Hsiang; Yang, Hung‐Chi

doi:10.7717/peerj.14859

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However, it could be genetically linked to the vancomycin resistance phenotype, which would explain a similar increase over time. Enterococcal high level gentamicin resistance associated to vancomycin resistance has been noted elsewhere in Asia ( 90 , 91 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the United Arab Emirates: a retrospective analysis of 12 years of national AMR surveillance data

Thomsen,

Abdulrazzak,

AlRand

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionEnterococci are usually low pathogenic, but can cause invasive disease under certain circumstances, including urinary tract infections, bacteremia, endocarditis, and meningitis, and are associated with peritonitis and intra-abdominal abscesses. Increasing resistance of enterococci to glycopeptides and fluoroquinolones, and high-level resistance to aminoglycosides is a concern. National antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance data for enterococci from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and the Gulf region is scarce.MethodsA retrospective 12-year analysis of N = 37,909 non-duplicate diagnostic Enterococcus spp. isolates from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) was conducted. Data was generated by routine patient care during 2010–2021, collected by trained personnel and reported by participating surveillance sites to the UAE National AMR Surveillance program. Data analysis was conducted with WHONET.ResultsEnterococcus faecalis was the most commonly reported species (81.5%), followed by Enterococcus faecium (8.5%), and other enterococci species (4.8%). Phenotypically vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) were found in 1.8% of Enterococcus spp. isolates. Prevalence of VRE (%VRE) was highest for E. faecium (8.1%), followed by E. faecalis (0.9%). A significant level of resistance to glycopeptides (%VRE) for these two species has been observed in the majority of observed years [E. faecalis (0–2.2%), 2010: 0%, 2021: 0.6%] and E. faecium (0–14.2%, 2010: 0%, 2021: 5.8%). Resistance to fluoroquinolones was between 17 and 29% (E. faecalis) and was higher for E. faecium (between 42 and 83%). VRE were associated with higher patient mortality (RR: 2.97), admission to intensive care units (RR: 2.25), and increased length of stay (six excess inpatient days per VRE case), as compared to vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus spp.DiscussionPublished data on Enterococcus infections, in particular VRE-infections, in the UAE and MENA region is scarce. Our data demonstrates that VRE-enterococci are relatively rare in the UAE, however showing an increasing resistance trend for several clinically important antibiotic classes, causing a concern for the treatment of serious infections caused by enterococci. This study also demonstrates that VRE were associated with higher mortality, increased intensive care unit admission rates, and longer hospitalization, thus poorer clinical outcome and higher associated costs in the UAE. We recommend the expansion of current surveillance techniques (e.g., local VRE screening), stricter infection prevention and control strategies, and better stewardship interventions. Further studies on the molecular epidemiology of enterococci are needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the United Arab Emirates: a retrospective analysis of 12 years of national AMR surveillance data

Thomsen,

Abdulrazzak,

AlRand

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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“…C. elegans fed on murine gut microbes show reduction in diet preference, body size, fecundity, as well as carbohydrate and lipid content, yet these worms exhibit longer lifespans, similar to the influence of diet restriction in mammals [ 25 ]. C. elegans is also used for studying human infection with pathogens [ 26 , 27 ] and for screening drug–microbe interactions [ 28 ]. Drugs can be tested using different concentrations for determining how they affect the organism while keeping nutrient levels constant [ 29 ].…”

Section: Experimental Approaches For Studying the C Elegans...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Caenorhabditis elegans as a Convenient Animal Model for Microbiome Studies

Wu,

Davis,

Saudagar

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Microbes constitute the most prevalent life form on Earth, yet their remarkable diversity remains mostly unrecognized. Microbial diversity in vertebrate models presents a significant challenge for investigating host–microbiome interactions. The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans has many advantages for delineating the effects of host genetics on microbial composition. In the wild, the C. elegans gut contains various microbial species, while in the laboratory it is usually a host for a single bacterial species. There is a potential host–microbe interaction between microbial metabolites, drugs, and C. elegans phenotypes. This mini-review aims to summarize the current understanding regarding the microbiome in C. elegans. Examples using C. elegans to study host–microbe–metabolite interactions are discussed.

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Epidemiological profiles and pathogenicity of Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates in Taiwan

Cited by 2 publications

References 47 publications

Epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the United Arab Emirates: a retrospective analysis of 12 years of national AMR surveillance data

Epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the United Arab Emirates: a retrospective analysis of 12 years of national AMR surveillance data

Caenorhabditis elegans as a Convenient Animal Model for Microbiome Studies

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