Epidemiological profile and clinical implications of oral squamous cell carcinoma adjacent to dental implants

Abstract

Dental implants (DI) gained great popularity in dentistry in recent years as they recover the patient's masticatory function and aesthetic appearance, improving the quality of life (Hartlev et al., 2014).The overall success of DI survival varies between 70% and 90% in 5 years, even in high-risk populations (Cuesta-Gil et al., 2009;Shaw et al., 2005;Weischer & Mohr, 1999). However, as a result of the increase in the number of DI installation, interactions between the implants and the host might reach clinical relevance, particularly with long-term use (Bhatavadekar, 2012;Kaplan et al., 2017;Kwok et al., 2008;Moergel et al., 2014). Complications related to DI may occur, such as inflammatory diseases including peri-implant mucositis (PMI) and peri-implantitis (PI) and, consequently, impairing the outcomes (Kim et al., 2020;Peñarrocha-Diago et al., 2020). Besides, appearence such as squamous cell carcinoma adjacent to DI has

Clinical retrospective analysis of peri-implant oral malignancies

“…Both alcohol and tobacco consumption were observed in three patients who exhibited very low proportions of classical risk factors of OSCC. As previous report of upregulation of the interferon-γ and nuclear factor kappa B in risk factor studies of nonsmokers and nondrinkers demonstrated [ 9 , 22 ], different carcinogenesis of PIOM could be suggested in the point of typical “smoking and alcohol” risk patterns. Among our cases, three patients had a history of previous cancer treatment.…”

“…Although dental implants have seen tremendous clinical success over the last few decades, there are some worrying reports in literature describing SCC in close association with dental implants. This article also provides a critical assessment of the published literature relating to the presence of carcinomas in association with dental implants, analyzed previously published and hypothesized carcinogenic responses to an implant, and attempted to come to a conclusion regarding the plausibility and clinical risks for cancer formation in association with dental implants [ 2 , 4 , 7 , 9 , 20 , 21 ].…”

“…Even less on primary carcinomas in patients without a previous history of malignancy at the local or regional levels, OSCC cases with implants have increased as the number of implants placed have increased. To date, several articles on osseointegrated dental implants surrounding SCC cases have been published under the name of "mimicking or imitating peri-implantitis", "vicinity of dental implant" [ 4 – 6 ], "association or adjacent to dental implant" [ 7 , 8 ], or "oral malignancy surrounding or after dental implants" [ 9 , 10 ]. Therefore, we designated all kinds of malignancies surrounding dental implants with the term of peri-implant oral malignancy (PIOM).…”

Molecular drivers of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma in non-smoking and non-drinking patients: what do we know so far?

“…A retrospective analysis of 31 OCSCC patients found that lesions occurring next to dental implants were more common in female and NSND patients. 68 The mechanism for hardware-associated OCSCC is unclear, but DNA damage from cytotoxic metal ions, 69 and chronic mucosal irritation from adjacent hardware 30 have been proposed. Poor oral hygiene and occupational exposures may also be involved.…”