Epidemiological placism in public health emergencies: Ebola in two Dallas neighborhoods

Smith-Morris, Carolyn

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.02.036

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Disease-related stigma can cause suffering to those who are stigmatized; these individuals may reduce their help-seeking behaviors, thus increasing the challenge for public health efforts to combat the disease or condition ( Jarlais et al, 2006 ; Link and Phelan, 2006 ). Stigma may generate an adverse influence (e.g., burnout) to professional health care workers, volunteers, families, and communities who may be associated with the infected patients ( Smith Morris, 2017 ). For affected areas and countries, the stigma can cause economic loss, regional discrimination, and racism ( Budhwani and Sun, 2020 ; Messer et al, 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19-related stigma profiles and risk factors among people who are at high risk of contagion

Duan

Chen

2020

Social Science & Medicine

109

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Rationale COVID-19 is likely to be stigmatized. The people of Hubei province perceived courtesy and affiliate stigma due to the geographic linkage to COVID-19. Perceived courtesy stigma refers to the perception of stigma of people who are associated with COVID-19 (e.g., the geographic linkage). Affiliate stigma is the internalization and psychological responses of perceived courtesy stigma among the associates. Objective The current study aims to reveal different patterns of perceived courtesy and affiliate stigma among people who are at high risk of contagion of COVID-19, and to examine the possible risk factors. Method A sample including 2813 adults who located in Hubei Province, China (female: n = 2,184, 77.64%; male: n = 629, 22.36%; mean age = 37.85 years, SD = 6.61 years, range = 18–63 years) were employed in the current study, using latent profile analysis for searching stigma profiles. Results Three profiles of stigma were found: the “Denier” (35.98%), “Confused moderate” (48.13%) and “Perceiver” (15.89%) displaying the low, moderate and high level of perceived courtesy and affiliate stigma, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression analyses revealed that generally people with a high level of education, perceived threats, anxiety symptoms, and familiarity with quarantined cases have a high likelihood to be distributed into the “Perceiver”. Discussion and Conclusions Our findings highlight the issues of COVID-19-related stigma and provide evidence for launching effective health actions to promote a cohesive society and culture of health. The media can transmit scientific knowledge, promote positive interactions and social cohesion between the stigmatized group and the dominant group, and create spaces for stories that nurture group identification among the implicated people. Future studies should use more representative sample and improve the measures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19-related stigma profiles and risk factors among people who are at high risk of contagion

Duan

Chen

2020

Social Science & Medicine

109

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“…There are diseases that not only burden the medical system but also by provoking social stigma, lay an increased tension on each individual. Contagious diseases such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Ebola, some types of severe Influenza such as H1N1 and COVID-19 are among those (1)(2)(3). They seem to be mysterious due to a lack of sufficient knowledge about them and being lethal (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Narrative Review of Stigma Related to Infectious Disease Outbreaks: What Can Be Learned in the Face of the Covid-19 Pandemic?

et al. 2020

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Infectious disease pandemics are associated with social consequences and stigma that are noticeably similar in various health conditions, health systems, and cultures. Stigma impacts health-related outcomes, not only as a barrier to receiving the timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment but also as an important variable that increases mental health issues such as anxiety and depression. The COVID-19 outbreak has been associated with stigma too. Studying similarities as well as differences in the features of stigma observed in each outbreak can provide us with the knowledge and deeper understanding of the situation, which is necessary for approaching the issue comprehensively. The stigma needs to be addressed rigorously by professionals and health care providers as well as authorities. Here, we narratively review stigma due to some well-known infectious diseases and how it parallels to the current COVID-19 situation. After discussing its effects on both individuals and societies, we provide solutions to manage this important issue.

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“…Therefore, those returning individuals might have regarded the quarantine as a discrimination signal. Furthermore, media-driven labeling of the unprecedented risk of COVID-19 in Wuhan, to some extent, had fueled discrimination toward these individuals, who had a similar experience with the residents in Hong Kong and Dallas during the SARS [43] and Ebola crises [44,45]. Consequently, they were prone to experience discrimination and stigmatization related to COVID-19, as they might have been blamed as potential "sources of infection".…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mediating Role of Internalized Stigma and Shame on the Relationship between COVID-19 Related Discrimination and Mental Health Outcomes among Back-to-School Students in Wuhan

Zheng

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Outbreaks of an epidemic, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), always brings about far-ranging discrimination and stigmatization to the epicenter. This was a cross-sectional survey conducted to assess experienced discrimination, internalized stigma, shame, and mental health (anxiety, depression, distress, insomnia) among college students who merely had a perceived linkage with COVID-19, and explore the linkage between discrimination and negative mental health outcomes through the mediating effects of shame and internalized stigma. A total of 995 participants (53% female) were involved in this study, in which 40.9% of college students were reported to be discriminated against because of their experience in Wuhan. The experience of COVID-19-related discrimination is indirectly associated with anxiety, depression, and insomnia, in which shame and internalized stigma play a complete mediating effect. Meanwhile, it is both directly and indirectly associated with distress through shame and internalized stigma. The findings of this study suggest that COVID-19-related discrimination is associated with shame and internalized stigma, which in turn predict psychological symptoms over time.

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Epidemiological placism in public health emergencies: Ebola in two Dallas neighborhoods

Cited by 29 publications

References 58 publications

COVID-19-related stigma profiles and risk factors among people who are at high risk of contagion

COVID-19-related stigma profiles and risk factors among people who are at high risk of contagion

A Narrative Review of Stigma Related to Infectious Disease Outbreaks: What Can Be Learned in the Face of the Covid-19 Pandemic?

The Mediating Role of Internalized Stigma and Shame on the Relationship between COVID-19 Related Discrimination and Mental Health Outcomes among Back-to-School Students in Wuhan

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