Epidemiological patterns of canine leishmaniosis in Western Liguria (Italy)

Zaffaroni, E.; Rubaudo, Lara; Lanfranchi, P.; Mignone, Walter

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(98)00237-4

Cited by 67 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, the result of dogs' life style in this study contrast with other studies (Acedo-Sánchez et al, 1996;Zaffaroni et al, 1999) since the prevalence is higher in this study in the owned dog group. This may be associated with a traditional habit of dog owners in Turkey.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The positivity in dogs living in the shelters in this study was 6.5 %. However, in other studies, it was found higher in outdoor group of dogs as 8.3% (Acedo-Sanchez et al, 1996) and 20.2% (Zaffaroni et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Low and high prevalence has been reported in the Mediterranean countries where the disease is endemic. Canine leishmaniosis is considered to be endemic in northern and southern Italy with high prevalence reaching up to 30.3% (Zaffaroni et al, 1999;Paradies et al, 2006). However, lower prevalence (2.1% and 2.5%) was also reported in the northern Italy (Maroli et al, 2008;Baldelli et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of leishmaniosis in dogs in Istanbul,Turkey determined by using PCR

Bilgin

Turan

Yılmaz

et al. 2018

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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ABSTRACT. Leishmania infantum is widespread in Mediterranean countries including Turkey and can cause a serious disease in both humans and dogs. Dogs are considered to be its main reservoirs. The current epidemiological study was carried out in Istanbul for detection of leishmaniosis among dogs. A total of 246 dogs were included in the study. Twenty one (8.54%) blood samples were found to be positive based on PCR diagnosis, using primers specific for the kinetoplast DNA of Leishmania. Infection rate was 6.51% in 169 dogs living in shelters and 12.99% in 77 client-owned dogs. The rate was significantly (p<0.001) higher in the dogs (37.93%) presenting one or more clinical symptoms which may be attributable to leishmaniosis, than in the asymptomatic dogs (4.61%). Eleven (52.4%) of 21 PCR positive dogs presented clinical symptoms whereas the rest of the dogs (47.62%) were asymptomatic. The major clinical sign in PCR positive animals was dermatological problems. Amongst PCR positive dogs, skin lesions were present in 11, weight loss in 2, lymphadenopathy in 2, epistaxis in 2 and lethargy in 2 dogs.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of leishmaniosis in dogs in Istanbul,Turkey determined by using PCR

Bilgin

Turan

Yılmaz

et al. 2018

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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“…Similar results were observed when analyzing the prevalence in two groups of animals in rural and urban areas 23 . In contrast, other data showed the same prevalence in both rural and urban areas 13,24 . The variation in seroprevalence between these two areas is intrinsically linked to peridomestic/domestic environmental conditions for the development of infection.…”

Section: References Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Seroprevalence and risk factors for canine visceral leishmaniasis in the endemic area of Dias D'Ávila, State of Bahia, Brazil

Oliveira

Araújo

Alves

et al. 2010

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an important zoonosis in relation to public health systems. Dogs are the main domestic reservoir. This study aimed to investigate occurrences of canine VL in Dias D' Ávila, State of Bahia, Brazil. Methods: The prevalence was evaluated by means of clinical and laboratory tests on a population of 312 domestic dogs from 23 localities in this municipality, using indirect immunofluorescence and immunoenzymatic assays. Results: Among the animals examined, 3.2% and 6.7% showed signs of VL, confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence and immunoenzymatic assays, respectively, with a distribution of 29.9% (24 dogs) in the rural zone and 4.9% (288 dogs) in the urban zone (p = 0.001). The clinical evaluation on seropositive dogs showed both asymptomatic animals (2.4%) and symptomatic animals (47.6%), along with other abnormalities (e.g. normocytic and normochromic anemia, with leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia). Observations relating to phenotypic characteristics (e.g. sex, age, breed and hair) did not present statistical significance, although high seropositivity among male, short-haired and mixed-breed dogs was observed. Conclusions: The findings showed that VL was a predominantly rural zoonosis and that close contact between poultry and domestic dogs significantly increased the risk of canine infection in this region.

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“…Longitudinal studies in France and Italy have shown high incidences of 40-92 % per transmission season, suggesting that R 0 in these areas may be similarly high (Dye et al 1993 ;Oliva et al 2006). In contrast, other Mediterranean studies have produced much lower estimates of R 0 (Amela et al 1995 ;Zaffaroni et al 1999 ;Keck and Dereure, 2003). However, the latter studies were cross-sectional and used only a single diagnostic method, the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), to detect infection, so are likely to have underestimated the prevalence of infection and thus R 0 (Baneth et al 2008).…”

Section: E P I D E M I O L O G Y O F T R a N S M I S S I O N B Y T H mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission, reservoir hosts and control of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis

2009

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S U M M A R YZoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) caused by Leishmania infantum is an important disease of humans and dogs. Here we review aspects of the transmission and control of ZVL. Whilst there is clear evidence that ZVL is maintained by sandfly transmission, transmission may also occur by non-sandfly routes, such as congenital and sexual transmission. Dogs are the only confirmed primary reservoir of infection. Meta-analysis of dog studies confirms that infectiousness is higher in symptomatic infection ; infectiousness is also higher in European than South American studies. A high prevalence of infection has been reported from an increasing number of domestic and wild mammals ; updated host ranges are provided. The crab-eating fox Cerdocyon thous, opossums Didelphis spp., domestic cat Felis cattus, black rat Rattus rattus and humans can infect sandflies, but confirmation of these hosts as primary or secondary reservoirs requires further xenodiagnosis studies at the population level. Thus the putative sylvatic reservoir(s) of ZVL remains unknown. Review of intervention studies examining the effectiveness of current control methods highlights the lack of randomized controlled trials of both dog culling and residual insecticide spraying. Topical insecticides (deltamethrin-impregnated collars and pour-ons) have been shown to provide a high level of individual protection to treated dogs, but further community-level studies are needed.

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Epidemiological patterns of canine leishmaniosis in Western Liguria (Italy)

Cited by 67 publications

References 12 publications

Prevalence of leishmaniosis in dogs in Istanbul,Turkey determined by using PCR

Prevalence of leishmaniosis in dogs in Istanbul,Turkey determined by using PCR

Seroprevalence and risk factors for canine visceral leishmaniasis in the endemic area of Dias D'Ávila, State of Bahia, Brazil

Transmission, reservoir hosts and control of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis

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