Epidemiological overview of chagas disease in the state of Amazonas, from 2004 to 2014

Abstract

Justificativa e Objetivos: A doença de Chagas (DC), causada pelo Trypanosma cruzi, protozoário flagelado, descoberto a mais de 100 anos, sendo ela difundida nas américas, principalmente na américa do Sul, acometendo milhões de pessoas pelo mundo. É cada vez mais crescente o número de indivíduos acometidos com a DC na região da Amazônia Ocidental e estão relacionados a diversos fatores, porém o consumo de bebida contaminada é a principal parcela de contribuição para a elevação nos registros da doença na região. Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever e analisar o panorama epidemiológico da doença de Chagas no estado do Amazonas de 2004 a 2014. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, onde foram utilizados somente dados secundários obtidos do Sinan referentes aos casos notificados de infecção por T. cruzi em todo o estado do Amazonas. Resultados: Constatou-se que no período de 2004 a 2014 que no estado do Amazonas ocorreram um total de 100 casos de DC, tendo maior ocorrência nos anos de 2007 e 2010, durante os meses de abril e dezembro, com maior frequência da faixa etária de 20-39 e no gênero feminino. Conclusão: Constatou-se a necessidade de implementar um serviço de controle epidemiológico eficaz para monitoramento da via de transmissão DC e de seus vetores, pois trata-se de um problema de saúde pública que pode estar ligada a determinantes sociais e culturais, sendo indicado a promoção de atividades educativas para a conscientização da comunidade a respeito desta enfermidade. Descritores: Epidemiologia. Tripanossomíase Americana. Amazônia

Chagas Disease in the Western Brazilian Amazon: Epidemiological Overview from 2007 to 2018

“…Another important factor reported in this study is that CD was more prevalent during December and April, and this finding is similar to that in another study conducted in the state of Amazonas in a different period 15 . Meanwhile, Oliveira et al (2018) observed greater seasonality of CD in the month of June, possibly because the outbreaks that occurred in the region during that period were due to an oral transmission.…”

“…In this study, CD was predominant in men, and this may be related to the participant's work activities, such as extraction of açaí and piassava; these activities increases the men's exposure to the vector and consequently to CD. In similar surveys conducted in the states of Pará 13 and Acre 14 , the highest frequency was also reported in men; this finding is not consistent with the results of another survey conducted in Amazonas, which reported that women had higher exposure to CD 15 . This higher occurrence in men may be related to their work activities, such as extraction of natural products, which increases the possibility of contact with the disease vector.…”

“…The state of Amazonas, with the highest number of CD notifications in Western Amazonia, has already been reported in other epidemiological studies that also point to the high prevalence of acute infection and attribute the first autochthonous cases of the disease to the extraction of piassava 15,25 . However, if the frequency coefficients are considered, Acre can also be considered as a state of great epidemiological importance; it has the highest number of people affected by the disease compared with Amazonas.…”

“…The age group that is most frequently affected in this study corroborates with that in other studies. This finding indicates that the risk of CD infection increases during the most productive age of the individual and in those living in rural areas; during this period, the individual's most common activities were plant extraction and farming 15,16 .…”

Triatominium search and diagnosis of trypanosoma cruzi in vectors captured in cane calk originating from sugarcane industry

“…The oral infection route has configured the main form of transmission and a serious public health problem (Menezes, et al 2019), due to the increase in the rates of the disease from 129 cases (2012) to 298 cases (2016) (Brasil, 2019). Among the foods, the contamination of the pulp or juice of açai (Euterpe oleracea) stands out, which during the period from 2007 to 2016 had an increase of 99.57%.…”