Epidemiological investigation on drug resistance of Salmonella isolates from duck breeding farms in Shandong Province and surrounding areas, China

High rate of multidrug resistance and integrons in Escherichia coli isolates from diseased ducks in select regions of China

“…The class 1 integron can integrate different ARGs into plasmids, thereby promoting the HGT of AGRs, which could be a major reason for the emerging pandemic of MDR clones ( Leungtongkam et al, 2018 ; Zhao et al, 2018 ; Wang et al, 2022a ). This is because the class 1 integron with a 3′ -conserved segment is similar to Tn 402 and may play a transposable role ( Stokes and Gillings, 2011 ; Zhao et al, 2022b ). In the conjugational transfer testing of this study, ARGs and intI1 were detected in the transconjugants, indicating that they could be transferred from donor strains to the recipient E. coli J53.…”