Epidemiological features of sudden infant death after a German intervention campaign in 1992

Schellscheidt, J.; A, Ott; Jorch, Gerhard

doi:10.1007/s004310050686

Cited by 44 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…5,11,15 The summary univariable estimate for the 3 studies was 0.38 (95% CI: 0.27-0.54; I 2 ϭ 78%). Because only 2 of the studies provided multivariable ORs, 5,11 meta-analysis to obtain a summary multivariable estimate was not performed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two reviewers (Dr Hauck and Ms Tanabe) reviewed all pulled articles for inclusion and for overlapping data. Twenty-four original case-control studies that provided data on the relationship between breastfeeding and SIDS risk 2,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][14][15][16][17][18][19][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] were identified. Two teams of 2 reviewers independently evaluated 12 studies each according to preset criteria; in cases of disagreement, a third reviewer evaluated the study, and a consensus opinion was reached.…”

Section: Data Sources and Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physiologic sleep studies have shown that breastfed infants have lower arousal thresholds than formula-fed infants, 3,4 which may provide a mechanism for protection against SIDS. However, epidemiologic studies have been inconsistent in showing a protective effect of breastfeeding on the risk of SIDS; some study results have supported a protective effect, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] and others have not. 2,5,8,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] The authors of a meta-analysis and qualitative literature review published in 2000 concluded that there was a statistically significant increase in SIDS risk for bottle-fed infants.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Breastfeeding and Reduced Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Meta-analysis

et al. 2011

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CONTEXT: Benefits of breastfeeding include lower risk of postneonatal mortality. However, it is unclear whether breastfeeding specifically lowers sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) risk, because study results have been conflicting. OBJECTIVE:To perform a meta-analysis to measure the association between breastfeeding and SIDS. METHODS:We identified 288 studies with data on breastfeeding and SIDS through a Medline search (1966 -2009), review articles, and metaanalyses. Twenty-four original case-control studies were identified that provided data on the relationship between breastfeeding and SIDS risk. Two teams of 2 reviewers evaluated study quality according to preset criteria; 6 studies were excluded, which resulted in 18 studies for analysis. Univariable and multivariable odds ratios were extracted. A summary odds ratio (SOR) was calculated for the odds ratios by using the fixed-effect and random-effect inverse-variance methods of metaanalysis. The Breslow-Day test for heterogeneity was performed. RESULTS:For infants who received any amount of breast milk for any duration, the univariable SOR was 0.40 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35-0.44), and the multivariable SOR was 0.55 (95% CI: 0.44 -0.69). For any breastfeeding at 2 months of age or older, the univariable SOR was 0.38 (95% CI: 0.27-0.54). The univariable SOR for exclusive breastfeeding of any duration was 0.27 (95% CI: 0.24 -0.31). CONCLUSIONS:Breastfeeding is protective against SIDS, and this effect is stronger when breastfeeding is exclusive. The recommendation to breastfeed infants should be included with other SIDS risk-reduction messages to both reduce the risk of SIDS and promote breastfeeding for its many other infant and maternal health benefits.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Sources and Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Breastfeeding and Reduced Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Meta-analysis

et al. 2011

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“…The incidence of SIDS in most areas of Europe is ϳ0.5 to 2 cases per 1000 live births, 1 with notable decreases in the past decade, probably because of campaigns to reduce the rates of deaths associated with risky sleeping conditions. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Although a number of biologic and epidemiologic risk factors, such as prone position, hyperthermia, nicotine abuse during pregnancy, and covering of the head, have been identified, [8][9][10] their interactions and the detailed pathophysiologic mechanisms are still not well understood. 11,12 We 13 and others 14,15 previously noted an association between epidemic pertussis and sudden unexpected deaths among infants.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Controlled Study of the Relationship BetweenBordetella pertussisInfections and Sudden Unexpected Deaths Among German Infants

Heininger¹,

Kleemann

Cherry

2004

Pediatrics

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ABSTRACT.Objective. This was a prospective, controlled, multicenter study to investigate the relationship between Bordetella pertussis infections and sudden unexpected deaths among German infants.Design. Between 1995 and 1997, all infants who died at 7 to 365 days of age and for whom autopsies were performed in 1 of 8 participating institutes of legal medicine were enrolled. During a standardized autopsy, nasopharyngeal specimens (NPSs) and tracheal specimens were obtained for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to detect B pertussis. The oligonucleotide primers PTp1 and PTp2, which specifically amplify a 191-base pair DNA fragment of the pertussis toxin operon of B pertussis, were used. Two control subjects (matched according to residence, age, gender, and nationality) were enrolled for each case subject, via a network of pediatricians in private practice, and NPSs were obtained from those infants. Parents of case subjects and control subjects were asked to provide specific information on respiratory illnesses of the child, contact with a known case of pertussis, or close contact with a person with a cough illness during the 4 weeks before death or enrollment, as well as the child's pertussis immunization status. The pathologists performing the autopsies were unaware of the PCR results.Results. Enrolled were 254 infants (66% male) with sudden unexpected deaths and 441 matched control subjects. Autopsies according to protocol were performed for 234 of the case subjects (92%); a diagnosis of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) was made for 76%. For the remaining subjects, causes of death were respiratory or other infections (14%), congenital anomalies or organ failures (4%), aspiration (2%), or accidents or traumatic events (4%). PCR results were positive for B pertussis for 12 case subjects (5.1%) (all with SIDS or respiratory infections) and 5.3% of control subjects. Of the 12 case subjects with positive PCR results, 10 (83%) were male. Questionnaires had been returned by the parents of 5 of the 12 infants. Three had experienced a respiratory illness (all with cough), beginning 7, 14, and 19 days before death. None had a known contact with a case of pertussis. Four of 15 control infants (27%) with positive PCR findings for B pertussis had a cough illness, indicating possible pertussis, and 2 of those 4 developed typical symptoms (whooping). Background information was received from 116 parents (46%) of case subjects and from parents of all control subjects. Upper respiratory tract infections within 4 weeks before death were reported for 53% of case subjects and 38% of control subjects. Also, fewer case subjects (33%) than control subjects (68%) had received age-adequate numbers of pertussis vaccine doses.Conclusions. The concept of infection as a factor in SIDS is supported by a number of observations, including the seasonal distribution of the occurrence of SIDS; the high incidence of concurrent upper respiratory tract infections among infants dying as a result of SIDS; the peak age at 3 to 4 months; nicotin...

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“…We examined 17 observational studies (Table 1) and found that breastfeeding was reported to have provided a protective effect on SIDS in ten studies 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15. No protective effects were found in the other seven 4, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breastfeeding and dummy use have a protective effect on sudden infant death syndrome

et al. 2015

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We conducted a literature review on the effect of breastfeeding and dummy (pacifier) use on sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). From 4343 abstracts, we identified 35 relevant studies on breastfeeding and SIDS, 27 on dummy use and SIDS and 59 on dummy use versus breastfeeding.ConclusionWe found ample evidence that both breastfeeding and dummy use reduce the risk of SIDS. There has been a general reluctance to endorse dummy use in case it has a detrimental effect of breastfeeding. However, recent evidence suggests that dummy use might not be as harmful to breastfeeding as previously believed.

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Epidemiological features of sudden infant death after a German intervention campaign in 1992

Cited by 44 publications

References 28 publications

Breastfeeding and Reduced Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Meta-analysis

Breastfeeding and Reduced Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Meta-analysis

A Controlled Study of the Relationship BetweenBordetella pertussisInfections and Sudden Unexpected Deaths Among German Infants

Breastfeeding and dummy use have a protective effect on sudden infant death syndrome

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