Epidemiological Evaluation of Hearing Damage Related to Strongly Amplified Music (Personal Cassette Players, Discotheques, Rock Concerts) -High-definition Audiometric Survey on 1364 Subjects

Sensorineural hearing loss in high school teenagers in Mexico City and its relationship with recreational noise

“…Exposure to noise in pop-music concerts and to the three modalities of high-level loudness exposure in music by the same subject had a significant relationship that has been reported in the medical literature 12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24 . No association was found with the use of personal stereos alone, despite the fact that 30 subjects have been using these for more than five years, but a significant association was found with noise exposure in concerts and discotheques alone or in a combined fashion (including use of personal stereos).…”

“…The commercial music industry and technological development have in part led to an increasing number of teenagers participating in leisure-time activities that involve exposure to music at high intensity. The most frequent reported recreational activities among teenagers from our sample correspond to attendance at concerts and discotheques, as well as combining such an activity with the use of a personal stereo, which among other alterations produce changes in the Corti's organ 12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24 . Although 75-80% of adolescents in Mexico are aware of the secondary effects of this noise exposure, they continue to place themselves indiscriminately in situations of exposure.…”

Daily music exposure dose and hearing problems using personal listening devices in adolescents and young adults: A systematic review

“…Various studies have found that exposure to music at a high intensity is likely to be associated with several hearing symptoms, such as TTS, tinnitus, hyperacusis, recruitment, distortion or abnormal pitch perception,eventually resulting in permanent hearing loss (Zhao et al, 2010, Rice et al, 1987, Meyer-Bisch, 1996, Petrescu, 2008, Figueiredo et al, 2011.…”

Hear Today, Gone Tomorrow: An Assessment of Portable Entertainment Player Use and Hearing Acuity in a Community Sample

“…[3][4][5][6][7] To date, evidence supporting the relationship between PMP use and hearing damage is mixed. 8,9 However, it is well documented that damage to the auditory system is a cumulative process and that once injury from loud noise is sufficiently severe enough to be measured, the loss is substantial and irreversible.…”