Epidemiological determinants of COVID-19 infection and mortality: A study among patients presenting with severe acute respiratory illness during the pandemic in Bihar, India

Agarwal, Neeraj; Biswas, Bijit; Lohani, Pallavi

doi:10.4103/npmj.npmj_301_20

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Agarwal et al . [ 9 ] observed COVID-positive subject's death rate of 28.4% during the study of 281 SARI patients. Suresh et al .,[ 21 ] in their study on 116 COVID-19 patients, concluded that lower SpO 2 and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) were the main parameters that showed a significant association with mortality and the requirement for mechanical ventilation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have mentioned the clinical features of pneumonia incurred by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). [ 8 9 10 11 12 ] This is the first report from western Rajasthan, a dry-arid region, describing the clinicodemographic and management profile of SARI patients in the initial days of COVID-19. Furthermore, this article also compared the mortality between COVID-19 SARI versus non-COVID-19 SARI cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical features and mortality in COVID-19 SARI versus non COVID-19 SARI cases from Western Rajasthan, India

Sharma

Kothari

Goel

et al. 2021

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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Background: In March 2020, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) issued guidelines that all patients presenting with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) should be investigated for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Following the same protocol, in our institute, all patients with SARI were transferred to the COVID-19 suspect intensive care unit (ICU) and investigated for COVID-19. Methods: This study was planned to examine the demographical, clinical features, and outcomes of the first 500 suspected patients of COVID-19 with SARI admitted in the COVID-19 suspect ICU at a tertiary care center. Between March 7 and July 20, 2020, 500 patients were admitted to the COVID-19 suspect ICU. We analyzed the demographical, clinical features, and outcomes between COVID-19 positive and negative SARI cases. The records of all the patients were reviewed until July 31, 2020. Results: Of the 500 suspected patients admitted to the hospital, 88 patients showed positive results for COVID-19 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the nasopharyngeal swabs. The mean age in the positive group was higher (55.31 ± 16.16 years) than in the negative group (40.46 ± 17.49 years) ( P < 0.001). Forty-seven (53.4%) of these patients in the COVID-19 positive group and 217 (52.7%) from the negative group suffered from previously known comorbidities. The common symptoms included fever, cough, sore throat, and dyspnea. Eighty-five (20.6%) patients died in the COVID-19 negative group, and 30 (34.1%) died in the COVID-19 positive group ( P = 0.006). Deaths among the COVID-19 positive group had a significantly higher age than deaths in the COVID-19 negative group ( P < 0.001). Among the patients who died with positive COVID-19 status had substantially higher neutrophilia and lymphopenia ( P < 0.001). X-ray chest abnormalities were almost three times more likely in COVID-19 deaths ( P < 0.001). Conclusion: In the present article, 17.6% of SARI were due to COVID-19 infection with significantly higher mortality (34.1%) in COVID-19 positive patients with SARI. Although all patients presenting as SARI have considerable mortality rates, the COVID-19-associated SARI cases thus had an almost one-third risk of mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features and mortality in COVID-19 SARI versus non COVID-19 SARI cases from Western Rajasthan, India

Sharma

Kothari

Goel

et al. 2021

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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“… 22 Although patients with diabetes mellitus were almost twice as likely as those without diabetes mellitus to die as a result of COVID-19, those with any malignancy were three times more likely to die. Most of the available evidence suggests that diabetes mellitus is one of the most important predictors of in-hospital COVID-19 mortality, 6 , 8 , 12 , 14 , 23 whereas evidence regarding malignancy and other morbidities is conflicting. Although some studies found an association between malignancy and COVID-19 mortality, 15 , 17 , 23 others did not find any association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 10 , 11 There are limited data from India on either the predictors of COVID-19 deaths or the effect of various drugs and treatment modalities in preventing death, and the available data are from a single health facility, restricting their generalizability. 12 , 13 This multicentric hospital-based study was undertaken with the objective of documenting treatment practices and identifying predictors of mortality among symptomatic COVID-19 patients who were admitted to different hospitals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Mortality among Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 during the First Wave in India: A Multisite Case-Control Study

Krishnan

Kumar

Amarchand

et al. 2023

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 disease (COVID-19) has caused more than 6 million deaths globally. Understanding predictors of mortality will help in prioritizing patient care and preventive approaches. This was a multicentric, unmatched, hospital-based case-control study conducted in nine teaching hospitals in India. Cases were microbiologically confirmed COVID-19 patients who died in the hospital during the period of study and controls were microbiologically confirmed COVID-19 patients who were discharged from the same hospital after recovery. Cases were recruited sequentially from March 2020 until December–March 2021. All information regarding cases and controls was extracted retrospectively from the medical records of patients by trained physicians. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was done to assess the association between various predictor variables and deaths due to COVID-19. A total of 2,431 patients (1,137 cases and 1,294 controls) were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 52.8 years (SD: 16.5 years), and 32.1% were females. Breathlessness was the most common symptom at the time of admission (53.2%). Increasing age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 46–59 years, 3.4 [95% CI: 1.5–7.7]; 60–74 years, 4.1 [95% CI: 1.7–9.5]; and ≥ 75 years, 11.0 [95% CI: 4.0–30.6]); preexisting diabetes mellitus (aOR: 1.9 [95% CI: 1.2–2.9]); malignancy (aOR: 3.1 [95% CI: 1.3–7.8]); pulmonary tuberculosis (aOR: 3.3 [95% CI: 1.2–8.8]); breathlessness at the time of admission (aOR: 2.2 [95% CI: 1.4–3.5]); high quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at the time of admission (aOR: 5.6 [95% CI: 2.7–11.4]); and oxygen saturation < 94% at the time of admission (aOR: 2.5 [95% CI: 1.6–3.9]) were associated with mortality due to COVID-19. These results can be used to prioritize patients who are at increased risk of death and to rationalize therapy to reduce mortality due to COVID-19.

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“…A total of 114 eligible studies 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 ,…”

Section: Tableunclassified

Prevalence of comorbid tuberculosis amongst COVID‐19 patients: A rapid review and meta‐analysis

Wang

et al. 2021

Int J Clin Pract

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Tuberculosis is reported to be associated with the severity and mortality amongst patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). 1 However, the reported prevalence of comorbid tuberculosis amongst COVID-19 patients varied greatly across the published studies. For example, the low prevalence of comorbid tuberculosis amongst COVID-19 patients was reported in Tian et al's study (0.4%) 2 and Yan et al's study (0.2%) 3 and the relatively high prevalence of comorbid tuberculosis amongst COVID-19 patients was reported in Hu et al's study (4.5%) 4 and Zhang et al's study (9.0%). 5 Therefore, it is needed to quantitatively estimate the pooled prevalence of comorbid tuberculosis amongst COVID-19 patients using a meta-analysis.

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Epidemiological determinants of COVID-19 infection and mortality: A study among patients presenting with severe acute respiratory illness during the pandemic in Bihar, India

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

Clinical features and mortality in COVID-19 SARI versus non COVID-19 SARI cases from Western Rajasthan, India

Clinical features and mortality in COVID-19 SARI versus non COVID-19 SARI cases from Western Rajasthan, India

Predictors of Mortality among Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 during the First Wave in India: A Multisite Case-Control Study

Prevalence of comorbid tuberculosis amongst COVID‐19 patients: A rapid review and meta‐analysis

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