Epidemiological, Cytochemical and Bacteriological Profile of Meningitis among Adults and Children in North West of Morocco

Loutfi, Amr; Hioui, M. El; Jayche, Samira; Mohammed, Lacheheb; Asmaa, A. A. H.; Lhou, Abdesslam; Dahou, Badreddine; Ahami, Ahmed Omar Touhami

doi:10.3923/pjbs.2020.891.897

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the EM region, IMD incidence data were identified for Bahrain (n = 1) [ 49 ], Iran (n = 1) [ 50 ], Kuwait (n = 1) [ 51 ], Qatar (n = 1) [ 52 ], Saudi Arabia (n = 4) [ 53 – 56 ], Turkey (n = 3) [ 57 – 59 ], and Yemen (n = 1) [ 60 ]. For the NA region, IMD incidence data were available for Egypt (n = 2) [ 61 , 62 ], Morocco (n = 1) [ 63 ], and Tunisia (n = 1) [ 64 ]. Age ranges were not clearly defined in many studies (e.g.…”

Section: Objective 2: Imd Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IMD incidence in children only (aged between 0 and 18 years) was reported at 1.5/100,000 [ 64 ] in one study in Tunisia in 2014. Data for children and adults was available from two Egyptian studies and one Moroccan study, with incidence ranging from 0.1/100,000 [ 61 ] to 3.75/100,000 [ 63 ]. Data from the grey literature included a report from the Ministry of Health of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.…”

Section: Objective 2: Imd Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CFR data were available in 27 studies in the EM region (Iran n = 4, [ 50 , 67 , 91 , 92 ]; Kuwait n = 3, [ 51 , 93 , 94 ]; Pakistan n = 2, [ 95 , 96 ]; Qatar n = 2, [ 52 , 69 ]; Saudi Arabia n = 4, [ 53 – 55 , 71 ]; Turkey n = 10, [ 57 – 59 , 74 , 76 , 97 – 101 ]; and Yemen n = 2, [ 60 , 102 ]) and five studies in the NA region (Egypt n = 3, [ 62 , 78 , 79 ]; Morocco n = 1, [ 63 ] and Tunisia n = 1, [ 89 ]); one multi-country study spanned both regions [ 103 ]. Data were collected between 1987 and 2018.…”

Section: Objective 2: Imd Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 ). Based on the more limited dataset from the NA region (n = 5; studies predominantly based in Egypt), rates ranged from 13.4% (Egypt [ 62 ]) to 31.0% (Morocco [ 63 ]) between 1997 and 2018. Reported CFRs in the EM region were generally lower than 25% in children in the general population, with only one study reporting a CFR value greater than 25% (43.8%; Turkey [ 101 ]).…”

Section: Objective 2: Imd Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CFRs varied more widely in adults in the general population, with the majority falling between approximately 5% and 50%. In the NA region, the CFR ranged from 17.7% [ 89 ] to 23.0% [ 79 ] in children and from 13.4% [ 62 ] to 31.0% [ 63 ] in mixed populations of children and adults. Data from the multi-country study reported CFRs ranging from 5.7% to 6.2% between 2004 and 2010 in the general population (5.7% in children only [aged 0–5 years] and 5.9–6.2% in children and adults) [ 103 ].…”

Section: Objective 2: Imd Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Systematic review of invasive meningococcal disease epidemiology in the Eastern Mediterranean and North Africa region

Dogu

Oordt-Speets²,

Bruijn³

et al. 2021

BMC Infect Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) represents a global health burden. However, its epidemiology in the Eastern Mediterranean (EM) and North Africa (NA) regions is currently not well understood. This review had four key objectives: to describe asymptomatic meningococcal carriage, IMD epidemiology (e.g. serogroup prevalence, case-fatality rates [CFRs]), IMD presentation and management (e.g. clinical diagnosis, antibiotic treatments) and economic impact and evaluation (including health technology assessment [HTA] recommendations) in EM and NA. Methods A systematic literature search (MEDLINE and EMBASE) was conducted (January 2000 to February 2021). Search strings included meningococcal disease and the regions/countries of interest. Identified publications were screened sequentially by title/abstract, followed by screening of the full-text article; articles were also assessed on methodological quality. Literature reviews, genetic sequencing or diagnostic accuracy studies, or other non-pertinent publication type were excluded. An additional grey literature search (non-peer-reviewed sources; start date January 2000) was conducted to the end of April 2019. Results Of the 1745 publications identified, 79 were eligible for the final analysis (n = 61 for EM and n = 19 for NA; one study was relevant to both). Asymptomatic meningococcal carriage rates were 0–33% in risk groups (e.g. military personnel, pilgrims) in EM (no data in NA). In terms of epidemiology, serogroups A, B and W were most prevalent in EM compared with serogroups B and C in NA. IMD incidence was 0–20.5/100,000 in EM and 0.1–3.75/100,000 in NA (reported by 7/15 countries in EM and 3/5 countries in NA). CFRs were heterogenous across the EM, ranging from 0 to 57.9%, but were generally lower than 50%. Limited NA data showed a CFR of 0–50%. Data were also limited in terms of IMD presentation and management, particularly relating to clinical diagnosis/antibiotic treatment. No economic evaluation or HTA studies were found. Conclusions High-risk groups remain a significant reservoir of asymptomatic meningococcal carriage. It is probable that inadequacies in national surveillance systems have contributed to the gaps identified. There is consequently a pressing need to improve national surveillance systems in order to estimate the true burden of IMD and guide appropriate prevention and control programmes in these regions.

show abstract

Section: Objective 2: Imd Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Objective 2: Imd Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Objective 2: Imd Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Objective 2: Imd Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Objective 2: Imd Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Systematic review of invasive meningococcal disease epidemiology in the Eastern Mediterranean and North Africa region

Dogu

Oordt-Speets²,

Bruijn³

et al. 2021

BMC Infect Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Global Case Fatality of Bacterial Meningitis During an 80-Year Period

van Ettekoven,

Liechti,

Brouwer

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ImportanceThe impact of vaccination, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory treatment on pathogen distribution and outcome of bacterial meningitis over the past century is uncertain.ObjectiveTo describe worldwide pathogen distribution and case fatality ratios of community-acquired bacterial meningitis.Data SourcesGoogle Scholar and MEDLINE were searched in January 2022 using the search terms bacterial meningitis and mortality.Study SelectionIncluded studies reported at least 10 patients with bacterial meningitis and survival status. Studies that selected participants by a specific risk factor, had a mean observation period before 1940, or had more than 10% of patients with health care–associated meningitis, tuberculous meningitis, or missing outcome were excluded.Data Extraction and SynthesisData were extracted by 1 author and verified by a second author. The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Random-effects models stratified by age (ie, neonates, children, adults), Human Development Index (ie, low-income or high-income countries), and decade and meta-regression using the study period’s year as an estimator variable were used.Main Outcome and MeasureCase fatality ratios of bacterial meningitis.ResultsThis review included 371 studies performed in 108 countries from January 1, 1935, to December 31, 2019, describing 157 656 episodes. Of the 33 295 episodes for which the patients’ sex was reported, 13 452 (40%) occurred in females. Causative pathogens were reported in 104 598 episodes with Neisseria meningitidis in 26 344 (25%) episodes, Streptococcus pneumoniae in 26 035 (25%) episodes, Haemophilus influenzae in 22 722 (22%), other bacteria in 19 161 (18%) episodes, and unidentified pathogen in 10 336 (10%) episodes. The overall case fatality ratio was 18% (95% CI, 16%-19%), decreasing from 32% (95% CI, 24%-40%) before 1961 to 15% (95% CI, 12%-19%) after 2010. It was highest in meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes at 27% (95% CI, 24%-31%) and pneumococci at 24% (95% CI, 22%-26%), compared with meningitis caused by meningococci at 9% (95% CI, 8%-10%) or H influenzae at 11% (95% CI, 10%-13%). Meta-regression showed decreasing case fatality ratios overall and stratified by S pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, or Streptococcus agalactiae (P &lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this meta-analysis with meta-regression, declining case fatality ratios of community-acquired bacterial meningitis throughout the last century were observed, but a high burden of disease remained.

show abstract

A mathematical interpretation for outbreaks of bacterial meningitis under the effect of time-dependent transmission parameters

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We consider a SIR-type compartmental model divided into two age classes to explain the seasonal exacerbations of bacterial meningitis, especially among children outside of the meningitis belt. We describe the seasonal forcing through time-dependent transmission parameters that may represent the outbreak of the meningitis cases after the annual pilgrimage period (Hajj) or uncontrolled inflows of irregular immigrants. We present and analyse a mathematical model with time-dependent transmission. We consider not only periodic functions in the analysis but also general non-periodic transmission processes. We show that the long-time average values of transmission functions can be used as a stability marker of the equilibrium. Furthermore, we interpret the basic reproduction number in case of time-dependent transmission functions. Numerical simulations support and help visualize the theoretical results.

show abstract

Epidemiological, Cytochemical and Bacteriological Profile of Meningitis among Adults and Children in North West of Morocco

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Systematic review of invasive meningococcal disease epidemiology in the Eastern Mediterranean and North Africa region

Systematic review of invasive meningococcal disease epidemiology in the Eastern Mediterranean and North Africa region

Global Case Fatality of Bacterial Meningitis During an 80-Year Period

A mathematical interpretation for outbreaks of bacterial meningitis under the effect of time-dependent transmission parameters

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About