Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic profile of uterine fibroids at the Befelatanana University hospital centre of obstetric gynecology of Antananarivo, Madagascar

Abstract

Background: Leiomyomas or fibromyomas more commonly referred as uterine fibroids are the most common tumors of the female genital tract. They affect 20 to 25% of women in genital activity. The objective of present study is to describe the epidemiological and therapeutic profile of uterine fibroids at the UHCOBG.Methods: Retrospective and descriptive cross-sectional study of patients with uterine fibroids hospitalized in the department of gynecology of the UHCOBG between January 2015 and December 2016.Results: In total, 101 cases of uterine fibroids have been identified with a prevalence of 3.92%. The average age is 42.75±3.6 years old. The most affected age group varies from 35 to 45 years old. Thirty-eight-point six percent of the patients were pauciparous. The medical history of irregular menstrual cycle disorders was present in 17.8% of the cases. The symptomatology was dominated by menometrorrhagia (78.2%) and in 67.3% of the cases, patients had anemia. The majority of patients (64.4%) had poly-myomatous uterus which fibroid location was predominantly corporeal (92.1%), isthmic (21.8%), and three quarters of the mapping was interstitial. Complications were dominated by aseptic necrobiosis (7.9%) and conservative treatment in 68.3% of the cases. Laparotomy is the pillar of a surgical treatment. The duration of hospitalization was short in 77.2% of the cases, 91.1% had a good progress and no death was noticed during 2 years.Conclusions: This is the first operative indication of all gynecological pathologies in present UHC and proves to be a real public health problem. The development of operative laparoscopy is necessary to reduce the morbidity associated with treatment.