Epidemiological characteristics and genetic diversity of clinically isolated dengue vector in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Zahir, Fazli; Haq, Ihteshamul; Haq, Mohsina; Mahrukh, .; Khan, Abbas Saleem; Naushad, Wasifa; Rajab, Hala; Fahim, Muhammad; Ahmad, Sohail; Munir, Iqbal

doi:10.1016/j.cegh.2021.100863

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…According to our findings, the predominant serotypes were DENV-2 (45.8%) and DENV-3 (50.4%), with DENV-1 (1.9%) and DENV-4 (0.4%) the least common serotypes (Figure 4), suggesting this outbreak is a continuation of the previous outbreak (2017). Our hypothesis is confirmed by recent studies conducted in the area (Peshawar) (66,67). The epidemiological dynamics of dengue disease in a region are influenced by multiple serotypes (64).…”

Section: Clinical Symptoms and Disease Severity Of Dengue Feversupporting

confidence: 87%

A cross-sectional study to assess the epidemiological situation and associated risk factors of dengue fever; knowledge, attitudes, and practices about dengue prevention in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

Khan

Adil²,

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundDengue fever has been responsible for around 12 countrywide large outbreaks in Pakistan, resulting in 286,262 morbidities and 1,108 deaths. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) is the most recently impacted province. This study aimed to investigate the molecular, epidemiological, and potential elements that contribute to increasing dengue transmission patterns, and knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward dengue in KP province.MethodThis cross-sectional community-based study was conducted (June-December, 2021) in two phases. Phase I involved the epidemiological (n = 5,242) and molecular analysis of DENV in 500 randomly collected blood samples of the 2021 dengue outbreak in KP. Phase II focused on assessing dengue-KAP levels in healthy communities (n = 14,745, aged >18 years), adopting a cross-sectional clustered multistage sampling in eight districts (dengue-hotspot vs. non-hotspot) of KP. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis were applied.ResultsPeshawar district had the highest dengue cases (60.0%) associated with the predominant co-circulation of DENV-2 (45.8%) and DENV-3 (50.4%) serotypes. A rise in cases was reported in October (41.8%) followed by September (27.9%) and August (14.4%; p < 0.001). Males (63.7%, p < 0.001) and individuals aged 16–30 years (37.0%, p < 0.001) were highly affected. General workers (18.0%), families with a monthly income of 10,000–20,000 Pak rupees (50.5%), unmarried (71.0%), uneducated (31%), families with higher human density (>10 individuals per household), and those (29.0%) who faced power outages for more than 7/24 h were the most affected. Moreover, co-morbidities like renal failure and bronchial asthma were associated with disease severity. A community survey on KAP revealed that an average of 74, 60, and 43% of the participants demonstrated good knowledge, attitudes, and dengue preventive practices, respectively.ConclusionMultiple poor socioeconomic elements are influencing dengue fever transmission in the province. Higher KAP levels may explain the low frequency of dengue in non-hotspot districts. Our study emphasizes the need for effective and long-term public health education, strengthened vector surveillance, and expanded laboratory capacity for better diagnosis and management of dengue cases to better predict the burden and seasonality of disease in the country.

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Section: Clinical Symptoms and Disease Severity Of Dengue Feversupporting

confidence: 87%

A cross-sectional study to assess the epidemiological situation and associated risk factors of dengue fever; knowledge, attitudes, and practices about dengue prevention in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

Khan

Adil²,

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…Wherein, several factors i.e. climate change, inadequate healthcare service, inappropriate vector control, and limited monitoring and surveillance have contributed to the dengue epidemic[23][24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Characterization of Dengue Virus Outbreak in 2022 from Pakistan

Umair

Rehman

Haider

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Pakistan, a dengue endemic country has encountered several outbreaks during the past decade. The current study aimed to explore the serotype and genomic diversity of dengue virus responsible for the 2022 outbreak in Pakistan. During August-October 2022, blood samples (n=436) were collected from dengue patients, among which 64.4% (n=281) were positive based on RT-PCR. A subset of DENV-2 and DENV-1 samples were further subjected to whole-genome sequencing. In terms of gender and age, dengue infection was more prevalent in male patients (62.9%) with more adults (77.5%) being infected. Moreover, serotyping revealed DENV-2 to be most predominant serotype (64%; n=180), followed by DENV-1 (35.2%; n=99) and DENV-3 (0.35%; n=1). Phylogenetic analysis of sequenced samples indicates that all the samples (n=8) belong to the DENV-2 Cosmopolitan genotype, falling within a single monophyletic clade that is closely related to sequences from China and Singapore in 2018. Dengue virus dynamics reported in the current study warrants large scale genomic surveillance in order to better respond to future outbreaks.

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“…Aedes aegypti terdapat garis lengkung putih dan 2 garis pendek di bagian tengah. 7,8 Nyamuk Aedes aegypti berkembangbiak di dalam wadah (container breeding) dengan penyebaran diseluruh daerah tropis maupun subtropis. Nyamuk Aedes aegypti dapat berkembang biak di tempat-tempat yang dipakai untuk kebutuhan harian manusia, seperti bak mandi, drum air, tempayan, ember dan ban bekas.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Ekstrak Daun Sereh dan Daun Cengkeh Efektif Memberikan Daya Tolak Terhadap Nyamuk Aedes aegypti

Sawitri,

Sunuh,

Arianty

2022

bjkl

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Latar Belakang: Demam berdarah dengue adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue dan ditularkan ke manusia dengan gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti . Penderita demam berdarah sebanyak 53.075 jiwa dan yang meninggal sebanyak 344 jiwa, sedangkan pada awal tahun 2019 penderita demam berdarah 13.683 jiwa dan meninggal 113 jiwa. Pengendalian kimiawi sebagai salah satu pengendalian yang aman terhadap kesehatan dan ramah lingkungan adalah dengan menggunakan daya tolak alami. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian adalah diketahuinya efektivitas ekstrak daun sereh dan daun cengkeh dalam memberikan daya tolak terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40% dan 60%. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen murni dengan pendekatan post-test only with control group design, besar sampel yang digunakan pada 6 kelompok perlakuan dengan 5 kali pengulangan, dan 1 kelompok kontrol, di mana tiap kelompok dialokasikan 20 ekor nyamuk, yaitu 620 ekor nyamuk. Hasil: Ekstrak daun sereh dan ekstrak daun cengkeh dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40% dan 60% masing-masing memberikan daya tolak terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti sebesar 95%. Dikatakan efektif memberi daya tolak jika ≥90% nyamuk, sebagai serangga uji, tidak kontak dengan manusia sesudah 5 menit dalam waktu 1 jam, selama 6 jam pengujian didalam kolonisasi uji dari total nyamuk yang diuji. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak daun sereh dan ekstrak daun cengkeh dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40% dan 60% efektif memberikan daya tolak terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Hasil temuan penelitian ini dapat dikembangkan oleh peneliti-peneliti lain untuk menggunakan ekstrak daun sereh dan daun cengkeh sebagai repellent nyamuk Aedes aegypti.

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Epidemiological characteristics and genetic diversity of clinically isolated dengue vector in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

A cross-sectional study to assess the epidemiological situation and associated risk factors of dengue fever; knowledge, attitudes, and practices about dengue prevention in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

A cross-sectional study to assess the epidemiological situation and associated risk factors of dengue fever; knowledge, attitudes, and practices about dengue prevention in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan

Genomic Characterization of Dengue Virus Outbreak in 2022 from Pakistan

Ekstrak Daun Sereh dan Daun Cengkeh Efektif Memberikan Daya Tolak Terhadap Nyamuk Aedes aegypti

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