Epidemiological assessment of intestinal parasitic infections in dogs at animal shelter in Veracruz, Mexico

Alvarado‐Esquivel, Cosme; Romero-Salas, Dora; Aguilar‐Domínguez, Mariel; Cruz‐Romero, Anabel; Ibarra-Priego, Nelly; Pérez-de-León, Adalberto A

doi:10.1016/s2221-1691(15)30167-2

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Dogs harbouring a single enteric protozoa parasite species were more common (32.9%) than those harbouring 2 (14.1%) or multiple species. The finding of infections with more than one enteric protozoa parasites is not surprising, and similar findings have been reported by various authors (Alvarado-Esquivel et al, 2015;Bahrami et al, 2011;Cantó et al, 2011;Adejinmi and Osayomi, 2010;Gingrich et al, 2010;Mukaratirwa and Singh, 2010;Gracenea et al, 2009;Nikolic et al, 2008). The prevalence of enteric protozoa parasites of dogs were significantly higher in free roaming and youger dogs .This finding is in agreement with Symeonidou et al (2017), Awadallah et al (2015), Adejinmi and Osayomi (2010) and Mirzaei (2010) who reported higher prevalence of protozoa parasites in younger dogs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Enteric protozoa of dogs: prevalence, associated risk factors and owners’ awareness in and around Hawassa town, Ethiopia

Mekibib¹,

Sheferaw²

2018

Ethiop. Vet. J.

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Dogs are reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens and pose a significant health risk to humans in most parts of the world. A cross sectional study design was used to estimate the prevalence of enteric protozoal parasites in dogs, to assess the associated risk factors and the level of owners' awareness about zoonotic implications of enteric protozoa parasites in selected subcities of Hawassa town from October 2015 to June 2016. A total of 340 faecal samples were collected and examined for enteric protozoa using flotation techniques. Of these, 171 (50.3%) dogs were infected with one or more genera of enteric protozoa parasites. The parasites identified were Sarcocyst (28.5%), Isospora (20.6%), Cryptosporidium (8.5%), Neospora (8.2%) and Giardia (5.6%). About 34.5% of the examined dogs were infected with two to four enteric protozoa parasites. The overall prevalence of enteric protozoa parasites was significantly higher in younger dogs (χ 2 = 20.21, p< 0.05), semi-confined (χ 2 = 5.63, p< 0.05) and stray dogs (χ 2 = 23.01, p< 0.05). The prevalence of Sarcocyst (χ 2 = 14.45, p< 0.05), Isospora (χ 2 = 4.38, p< 0.05) and Neospora (χ 2 = 4.31, p< 0.05) was significantly higher in stray dogs as compared to owned dogs. Most of respondents and dog owners' (76.5%), had no awareness on zoonotic enteric protozoa parasites of dogs. But 32.8% and 23.2% the respondents' children hug and play with dogs, respectively. Most of them (71.7%) feed their dogs with uncooked butcher leftover and/or offals. About 66.2% of them dispose of dogs' feces with garbage. Therefore, extension works for public education to improve public awareness on parasitic zoonoses, is very helpful to reduce the problem to the possible minimum level. Moreover, a close collaboration between veterinarians and public health professionals is highly helpful.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Giardia species detected (5.6%) during this study was lower than the reports from different parts of the world (Alvarado-Esquivel et al, 2015;Mahmud et al, 2014;Li et al, 2012;Bahrami et al, 2011 andNikolic et al, 2008). This could be due to the intermittent excretion of Giardia cysts, which lasts for few days (Villeneuve et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Enteric protozoa of dogs: prevalence, associated risk factors and owners’ awareness in and around Hawassa town, Ethiopia

Mekibib¹,

Sheferaw²

2018

Ethiop. Vet. J.

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“…The higher prevalence in shelter dogs was attributed to increased exposure to parasites as a result of daily admissions of dogs from diverse origins, environmental contamination, and exacerbated by potential immunocompromise of the dogs due to various stressors in the shelter environment [ 7 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. A number of studies reporting the prevalence of GI parasites of shelter and stray dog populations found the highest prevalence was 98% in Mexico [ 25 ] followed by 75% in Serbia [ 26 ], and 66% in Iran [ 24 ], with lower prevalences in Ethiopia (51%) [ 27 ], Malaysia (48%) [ 28 ], Portugal (39%) [ 8 ], Venezuela (36%) [ 29 ], Australia (37%; 35%) [ 7 , 22 ], and Canada (21%) [ 23 ].…”

Section: Parasites In Shelter Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal Parasites in Shelter Dogs: Occurrence, Pathology, Treatment and Risk to Shelter Workers

Raza

Rand

Qamar

et al. 2018

Animals

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Simple SummaryDespite evidence of a minor role of gastrointestinal parasites in causing disease in owned pet populations prophylactically treated with anthelmintics, gastrointestinal parasitism remains an important consideration in the care of animals in shelters, and in owned pet populations in developing countries, where regular prophylactic treatment is lacking. In addition, the zoonotic potential of many organisms is a universal public health concern. Animal shelters facilitate spread of gastrointestinal parasites to incoming animals and shelter staff if there is overcrowding and frequent exposure to a contaminated environment. The prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in shelter dogs is typically higher than in owned dogs. In this review, we report the prevalence of parasites in shelter dogs worldwide, and review parasite control strategies for use in shelters. We also discuss whether the shelter environment might magnify risks for development of parasiticide resistance in resident parasite populations. We recommend an integrated parasite control approach based on sanitation measures to reduce environmental contamination and accompanied with appropriate use of anthelmintics in shelter dogs. Ideally, every animal should be treated after fecal examination for parasites during its stay in the shelter, although it is recognized that for many shelters, the resources to do this might be prohibitive.AbstractDogs entering shelters can carry gastrointestinal parasites that may pose serious risks to other animals, shelter staff and visitors. Shelters provide an environment that could facilitate the spread of parasitic infections between animals. Nematodes and protozoa that transmit through ingestion or skin penetration are major enteric parasites of concern in shelter settings. Ancylostoma spp., Uncinaria stenocephala, Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Trichuris vulpis and Dipylidium caninum are the major helminths while Giardia, Cryptosporidium, Isospora spp. and Sarcocystis spp. are the most prevalent protozoan parasites in shelter dogs. The prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in shelter dogs is typically higher than in owned dogs. A range of cost-effective drugs is available for prevention and control of helminths in shelters, notably fenbendazole, pyrantel, oxantel, and praziquantel. Parasiticide options for protozoan parasites are often cost-prohibitive or limited by a lack of veterinary registration for use in dogs. Environmental control measures reliant upon hygiene and facility management are therefore a mainstay for control and prevention of protozoan parasites in shelters. This philosophy should also extend to helminth control, as integrated parasite control strategies can allow anthelmintics to be used more sparingly and judiciously. The purpose of this article is to comprehensively review the current knowledge on the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites most commonly found in dogs in shelters, canvass recommended treatment programs in shelter dogs, and to explore the likelihood that parasitic...

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“…This research revealed high prevalence and diversity of intestinal parasites infestation among exotic dogs in commercial breeding mills. Globally, dogs are known as definitive host for most gastrointestinal parasites [17]; [18,19], Therefore, the high prevalence (71.33%) of intestinal parasites infestations among exotic dogs is global problem and conformed with common reports such as 81.3% of helminths among exotic dogs in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia [20], 76% in South Africa [21], and 71% in Cordoba, Spain [7]. However, lower rate of intestinal parasites infection among kenneled dogs have been reported in countries such as Australia (23.9%), Spain (25%) and 26% Greece [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our finding indicates that anthelmintics irregularly administered and had limited effect on the prevalence of parasites infestation among the sampled dogs. An epidemiological assessment in Mexico had shown that dogs with history of deworming were all infected with spectrum of intestinal parasites [18], Similarly, effects of antihelminthics are shown not to always influence the prevalence of helminthes in dogs [1], [41]. As observed, anthelmintic treatment with an average of 2-3 per year was not sufficient in controlling parasitism efficiently in dogs in agreement with the report of Kostopoulou, et al [42], Therefore, conformance with the general recommendation by European Scientific Counsel Companion Animal Parasites [43], guidelines for treatment frequency of at least 4 times per year is expected for worm control in dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2019

AJLS

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In Nigeria, there has been an increasing trend towards establishing puppy mills for commercial breeding of exotic dogs. This study determined gastrointestinal parasites associated with exotic dogs of the existing puppy mills in Jos Metropolis Nigeria. A total of 150 dogs' fresh feacal samples were collected from 25 different puppy mills and examined using formol ether and floatation concentration techniques. Data on risks factors variables of dogs' age, number of dogs per kernel kennel type, nature of food and history of antiparasitic drugs usage were collected from the breeders using predesigned questionnaire. The result revealed an overall prevalence of 71.33% intestinal parasitic burden among the dogs. Chi square (χ2) analysis showed association (p< 0.05) between breeds of dogs and occurrence of parasites. The gastrointestinal parasites associated were most prevalent dogs in Neapolitan mastiff (86.36%) followed by Rottweiler (75.70%) and German Shepherd (57.14%) was the least infected Predominantly, a total of seven (7) species of intestinal parasites; Ancylostoma caninum (28.00%) Dipylidium caninum (23.33%), Toxocara canis (14.00%), Trichuris vulpis (11.33%), Taenia sp. (5.33%) Giardia sp. (7.33%) and Coccidia sp. (5.33%) were identified. Among different gastrointestinal parasitic infections, occurrence of Ancylostoma caninum (28.00%) was highest, followed by Dipylidium caninum (23.33%). Multiple parasitic infections among positive dogs sampled were observed, however, risk factors variables did not (p > 0.05) affect parasitic infection. Age based gastrointestinal parasitic infection peak (77.78%) was reported among 7 9 months old and decreased with ages of dogs The result showed no significant difference in prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites among age groups of the dogs (χ2 = 2.616, d.f. = 5, P = 0.624). This trend implies that puppies of younger age groups had higher prevalence and tendency for infection with gastrointestinal parasites than their older counterparts.This study provides baseline data on the spectrum of intestinal parasitic infection of exotic dogs in commercial puppy mills in Jos-Nigeria. Therefore, the phenomenon could represent an important health threat and needs to be regulated, so that breeders adhere to hygiene practices and veterinary guidelines. This will serve as an approach to reduce the tendency of Academic Journal of Life Sciences 16 increasing intestinal parasitic burden of local dogs as well as eliminate emergent zoonotic intestinal parasites in the dogs.

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Epidemiological assessment of intestinal parasitic infections in dogs at animal shelter in Veracruz, Mexico

Cited by 26 publications

References 35 publications

Enteric protozoa of dogs: prevalence, associated risk factors and owners’ awareness in and around Hawassa town, Ethiopia

Enteric protozoa of dogs: prevalence, associated risk factors and owners’ awareness in and around Hawassa town, Ethiopia

Gastrointestinal Parasites in Shelter Dogs: Occurrence, Pathology, Treatment and Risk to Shelter Workers

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