Epidemiological approximation of the enteric manifestation and possible fecal–oral transmission in COVID-19: a preliminary systematic review

Pamplona, Javier; Solano, Rubén; Soler, Cristina; Sàbat, Míriam

doi:10.1097/meg.0000000000001934

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) disease can present in a high percentage of cases with gastrointestinal symptoms, the presence of which implies the possibility of a more serious evolution. 11 This symptomatology could be a confounding factor in the indication for endoscopy, and we suggest including acute gastrointestinal symptoms as part of COVID-19 telephone screening. We have recently published a systematic review study on the epidemiology of enteric manifestations and the possible faecal-oral transmission of COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detection of the genetic material of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in samples from the upper respiratory tract suggest a high risk of transmissibility in asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic subjects during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy due to the generation of aerosols during the procedure or during sample collection 29 and potentially in lower endoscopy due to faecal elimination. 11 Thus, patients scheduled for gastrointestinal endoscopy may represent a potential route of transmission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary route of transmission is the inhalation of droplets, but there may be other mechanisms, such as the conjunctiva: a study showed the detection of viral RNA in the conjunctiva 7 ; faecal: several studies have shown viral RNA in stools and the presence of ACE-2 receptors (the entry point of the virus into the cell) in the gastrointestinal tract 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ; and fomites: viral RNA was isolated from different surfaces in the room of an infected patient. 12 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 Viral RNA has also been detected in stools. 10 , 11 , 13 , 21 , 22 The virus's mechanism of entry into the human cell is the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, 3 which is highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract 23 and makes the risk of transmission in lower endoscopy uncertain. If PSUE acquire the infection, they can subsequently transmit it to their colleagues, families and other patients, generating a hospital outbreak, as has been reported in other European countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients scheduled for digestive endoscopy after the peak of the first wave of the pandemic

Pamplona

Solano

Ramírez

et al. 2021

Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition)

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Healthcare professionals in endoscopy units have a possible risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection by different routes: inhalation of airborne droplets, aerosols, conjunctival contact and faecal-oral transmission. Objective To describe the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in a series of patients scheduled for digestive endoscopy at the Hospital Santa Caterina, Salt, (Girona). Methods Descriptive study of a series of cases of patients scheduled for endoscopy during the month of May 2020, when endoscopic activity was resumed after the peak of the pandemic, following SCD, SEED, AEG and ESGE recommendations. We examined nasopharyngeal samples 48−72 h before the appointment, by RT-PCR, in all patients. RNA extraction was performed using the kits: Qiagen®-adapted, BiosSprint®96-DNA-Blood-Kit (384). For amplification-detection of SARS-CoV-2, methods recommended by the WHO and the CDC were followed. Results 110 asymptomatic patients without close contact with a positive case in the previous 14 days were scheduled; 105 (96.4%) were negative and five (4.5%) were positive. Two patients developed respiratory symptoms after diagnosis (presymptomatic) and three remained asymptomatic. Allfive5 patients were autochthonous cases with no history of travel or residence in another city or country associated with high prevalence of infection. Four cases were women aged 60–81 years. The N gene was detected in all cases. Conclusions A high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was detected in patients scheduled for digestive endoscopy. Given the risk of transmission to professionals, we consider it advisable to perform SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR 48−72 h before the examination in situations of high incidence in the population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients scheduled for digestive endoscopy after the peak of the first wave of the pandemic

Pamplona

Solano

Ramírez

et al. 2021

Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition)

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Other clinical features listed are headaches, bilateral cracking sounds (43), diarrhoea, sputum production, haemoptysis (9) and sore throat (44). Gastrointestinal symptoms have also been reported, which may precede respiratory symptoms or be the only clinical manifestation (45). In addition, cutaneous manifestations have been linked to COVID-19 infection (46).…”

Section: Symptoms and Disease Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID‑19 pandemic and reasons to prioritize the needs of the health care system to ensure its sustainability: A scoping review from January to October 2020 (Review)

et al. 2021

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The worldwide spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) led the World Health Organization to characterize the pandemic as a public health emergency of international concern. National health care systems in countries during the initial surge of the pandemic were unable to handle the sanitarian crisis that had emerged. Thus, the prevention and control of future global health emergencies must be a priority. The present scoping review aimed to retrieve articles that summarize the current experience on issues related to historical knowledge, and epidemiology, clinical features and overall burden of SARS-CoV-2 on health care services. In summary, a comprehensive overview of the information that has been learnt during this period is presented in the current review. Furthermore, taking into account the global experience, the need for planning cohesive and functional health services before similar pandemic events occur in the future is highlighted. The next public health issue should be prevented rather than treated. In spite of the vaccination benefits, a number of sporadic cases of SARS-CoV-2infections will persist. Information collected remains relevant for appraising how similar threats can be faced in the future. Overall, collaborative health care plans need to be rethought to increase preparedness.

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Effect of COVID‐19 infection on the gastrointestinal tract considering preventive methods during endoscopic procedures

Naito,

Nakamura,

Umezu

et al. 2023

DEN Open

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ObjectivesThis study aimed to prevent the infection risk of environmental contamination by feces during endoscopic procedures. We evaluated the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) on the gastrointestinal tract using fecal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and examined risk factors affecting endoscopic procedures, to develop infection prevention strategies.MethodsThis single‐center prospective observational study enrolled 32 patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 at Tokyo Medical University Hospital between January and December 2022. We performed reverse transcriptase‐PCR to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in human stool specimens and evaluated the COVID‐19 positivity rate in stool, the effect of vaccination on infection detection, and differences in positivity rates considering different patient backgrounds.ResultsAmong the 32 nasal PCR‐positive patients who underwent fecal PCR testing, the fecal PCR positivity rate was 21.8%. Compared to the negative cases, 71.4% vs. 32% were older than 65 years (p < 0.016), 71.4% vs. 0.8% (p < 0.001) had malignant tumors, the rate during BA.5 variant outbreaks was significantly higher (100% vs. 60% [p = 0.044]), and the rate of diarrheal symptoms was also higher (42.9% vs. 24%). The median collection period for fecal PCR‐positive cases was 2 days after sampling.ConclusionsThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 affects not only the upper respiratory tract but also the gastrointestinal tract. These findings may indicate the risk of digestive fluid infection in older patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and immunocompromised patients with malignant tumor comorbidities, especially during the early stages of viral infection. Therefore, it is advisable to establish a system to prevent infection by using personal protective equipment, including eye guards, in future endoscopic procedures.

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Epidemiological approximation of the enteric manifestation and possible fecal–oral transmission in COVID-19: a preliminary systematic review

Cited by 12 publications

References 61 publications

High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients scheduled for digestive endoscopy after the peak of the first wave of the pandemic

High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients scheduled for digestive endoscopy after the peak of the first wave of the pandemic

COVID‑19 pandemic and reasons to prioritize the needs of the health care system to ensure its sustainability: A scoping review from January to October 2020 (Review)

Effect of COVID‐19 infection on the gastrointestinal tract considering preventive methods during endoscopic procedures

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