Epidemiological and mycological data of onychomycosis in Goiania, Brazil

Abstract

Onychomycosis defined as fungal infection of the nail represents more than 50% of all onychopathies. Epidemiological studies have shown that this mycosis is worldwide in occurrence, but with geographical variation in distribution. The direct microscopy and culture of the nail samples were performed to identify the causative agent. Out of 2273 patients with nail infection examined between January 2000 and December 2004 in Goiania, state of Goias, Brazil, diagnosis of onychomycosis was confirmed in 1282 cases, with dermatophytes and Candida species being the most common aetiological agents isolated. Dermatophyte onychomycosis was more common in toenails than in fingernails, while onychomycosis caused by yeast had a similar frequency in both toenails and fingernails. Among the species identified, Candida albicans was responsible for 492 cases (38.4%) of onychomycosis, Trichophyton rubrum was found in 327 cases (25.6%) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes in 258 cases (20.1%). Other fungi isolated from nail infections included Aspergillus sp., Trichosporon sp., Geotrichum sp. and Fusarium sp. In our study, yeast of the genus Candida were the dominant cause of onychomycosis in women and dermatophytes were the principal cause of this condition in men.

Dermatophytosis: a 16-year retrospective study in a metropolitan area in southern Brazil

“…It is commonly found in all regions of the body, except on the scalp, where M. canis predominates. It was observed that toenails were more affected by dermatophytes than fingernails, also in agreement with the literature [28,29]. Toenails were more affected by the genus Trichophyton than was the foot skin, unlike E. floccosum, which was more prevalent in the skin than in the nails, corroborating the literature data [19,30].…”

Cutaneous Mycoses among Rice Farmers in Anambra State, Nigeria

“…The higher prevalence of this infection among females can be attributed to the fact that females use more of their fingers in rice cultivation and harvesting than males. This agrees with the reports of El Sayed et al, [20] and Souza et al [21]. Souza et al [21] reported that 72.25% of cases of onychomycosis from their study in Japan were among females, while Kazemi [22] and Charles [23] reported higher prevalence of this infection among males, even though their studies were not among rice farmers.…”

“…This agrees with the reports of El Sayed et al, [20] and Souza et al [21]. Souza et al [21] reported that 72.25% of cases of onychomycosis from their study in Japan were among females, while Kazemi [22] and Charles [23] reported higher prevalence of this infection among males, even though their studies were not among rice farmers. This is also supported by the findings of Blank et al [24] and Shenoi et al [8] who reported a high rate of nail infection among paddy field workers in India.…”

Fungal agents in different anatomical sites in Public Health Services in Cuiabá, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil

“…The increasing number of patients with immunocompromised states, such as AIDS, diabetes mellitus, lupus, allergy, cancer and organ transplantation, has given these infections more prominence 5,18,20,28,37,38,56 . Reports of infections by non-dermatophytes has also received greater attention 4,7,34,51 . In this study, Diabetes mellitus (6.0%) and allergies (3.7%) were observed in patients.…”

“…Onychomycosis of fingernails is most 8 prevalent in females while toenail infection is common in male patients 1,57 . Candida species is the dominant cause of onychomycosis in women and dermatophytes is the principal cause of this condition in men 35,51 . According to CROCCO et al 13 , candidiasis expresses the variety of relations that occur between the host and autochthon microbiota, ranging from commensalism to systemic disease.…”