Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of infections with seasonal human coronavirus and respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children immediately before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

Kume, Yohei; Hashimoto, Koichi; Shirato, Kunio; Norito, Sakurako; Suwa, Reiko; Chishiki, Mina; Ono, Takashi; Mashiyama, Fumi; Mochizuki, Izumi; Sato, Masatoki; Ishibashi, Naohisa; Suzuki, Shigeo; Sakuma, Hitoshi; Takahashi, Hitoshi; Takeda, Makoto

doi:10.1016/j.jiac.2022.03.001

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, HBTEC-ALI cultures are the best cells for respiratory virus isolation owing to the wide range of susceptibility. In this study, HBTEC-ALI cultures were used, and virus isolation was performed with clinical specimens obtained from pediatric in-patients with respiratory infections ( 22 , 23 ). In HBTEC-ALI culture, cells generally did not show a cytopathic effect; therefore, the process of viral genomic replication was detected by real-time RT-PCR, and it was used as the indicator of successful virus isolation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AgPath-ID One-Step RT-PCR reagents was used for one-step real-time RT-PCR and the LightCycler 480 Probes Master was used for two-step real-time PCR. Primer/probe sets with performance validated in previous studies were used, and the sequences are listed in Table S1 ( 6 , 23 – 30 ). The following 17 viruses were tested: human orthopneumovirus (RSV subgroups A and B); Flu A, B, and C; human coronavirus (HCoV) (229E, OC43, NL63, and HKU1); human metapneumovirus (hMPV); HPIV (1, 2, 3, and 4); adenovirus (ADV) [2 (for A, C, D, and F) and 4 (B and E)]; HBoV1; and HRV ( Table S1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following 17 viruses were tested: human orthopneumovirus (RSV subgroups A and B); Flu A, B, and C; human coronavirus (HCoV) (229E, OC43, NL63, and HKU1); human metapneumovirus (hMPV); HPIV (1, 2, 3, and 4); adenovirus (ADV) [2 (for A, C, D, and F) and 4 (B and E)]; HBoV1; and HRV ( Table S1 ). The real-time PCR value was expressed as crossing point (Cp) and cut-off value was set following previous studies as needed ( 6 , 23 – 30 ). Among the above specimens, 249 specimens were positive for respiratory viruses (single infection, n = 122; multiple infections, n = 127) and were subjected to virus isolation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The air–liquid interface culture of human bronchial/tracheal epithelial cells (HBTEC-ALI) is an excellent tool for culturing various respiratory pathogens, particularly those that are hard to isolate, such as human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) and human rubulavirus 4 [human parainfluenza virus (HPIV4)], due to the wide range of susceptibility for respiratory viruses ( 20 , 21 ). In our laboratory, virus isolations using HBTEC-ALI cultures have been performed with clinical specimens obtained from pediatric in-patients with severe ARI (SARI) ( 22 , 23 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence of the simultaneous replications of active viruses in specimens positive for multiple respiratory viruses

Kawase,

Suwa,

Sugimoto

et al. 2024

Microbiol Spectr

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Genetic diagnostic assays for the detection of respiratory viruses sometimes show simultaneous multiple infections with low copy numbers. In such cases, the disease is considered caused by a single etiologic agent and others are nonspecific reactions and/or contaminations. Interferon-dependent interference is seen in dual infections of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus, which are the main causes of respiratory infections. Virus isolation is one of the answers in detecting other active viruses present in specimens, and the air–liquid interface culture of human bronchial/tracheal epithelial cells (HBTEC-ALI) is optimal for the isolation of respiratory viruses owing to its wide range of susceptibility. In this study, we successfully confirmed the replications of various viruses from specimens with low copy numbers and simultaneous passage of two to three viruses using HBTEC-ALI cultures, mainly including human bocavirus 1 and/or human rhinovirus. IMPORTANCE Since the pandemic of coronavirus diseases 2019, the use of real-time PCR assay has become widespread among people who were not familiar with it in virus detection. As a result, whether a high real-time PCR value in one time test indicates virus transmissibly became a complicated social problem, regardless of the difference in assays and/or amplification conditions, the time and number of diagnostic test during the time course of infection. In addition, the multiple positives in the test of respiratory viruses further add to the confusion in the interpretation of the infection. To address this issue, we performed virus isolation using pediatric SARI (severe acute respiratory infections) specimens on air–liquid interface culture of human bronchial/tracheal epithelial cell culture. The result of this study can be a strong evidence that the specimens showing positivity for multiple agents in real-time PCR tests possibly contain infectious viruses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evidence of the simultaneous replications of active viruses in specimens positive for multiple respiratory viruses

Kawase,

Suwa,

Sugimoto

et al. 2024

Microbiol Spectr

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Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on the Clinical Features of Pediatric Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Japan

Ozeki

Kawada

Yamashita

et al. 2022

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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Background Mitigation measures implemented during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remarkably reduced the incidence of infectious diseases among children. However, a reemergence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection was observed in 2021 in Japan. We compared the clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with RSV infection before and during COVID-19. Methods We retrospectively enrolled children aged <6 years who were hospitalized with RSV infection in 18 hospitals and compared their clinical characteristics before (January 2019 to April 2020, 1,675 patients) and during COVID-19 (September 2020 to December 2021, 1,297 patients). Results The mean age of patients with RSV infection was significantly higher during COVID-19 than before (17.4 vs. 13.7 months, P < .001). Compared with before COVID-19, a 2.6-fold increase in RSV cases in the 2–5 years age group was observed from sentinel surveillance during COVID-19, while a 1.2-fold increase was noted in the same age group among hospitalized patients. On average for all patients, consolidation shadows obtained on radiography were less frequently observed (26.1 vs. 29.6%, P = .04) and reduced respiratory assistance (42.2% vs. 48.7%, P < .001) and hospitalization stay (5.7 vs. 6.0 days, P < .001) was required in patients with RSV infection during COVID-19. Conclusions COVID-19 and social activity restriction caused epidemiological changes in pediatric RSV infections, and a majority of patients with RSV infection aged ≥2 years did not develop severe symptoms requiring hospitalization. The RSV symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak were equivalent to or milder than in the previous seasons.

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Evidence of the simultaneous replications of active viruses in specimens positive for multiple respiratory viruses

Kawase

Suwa

Sugimoto

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of infections with seasonal human coronavirus and respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children immediately before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

Cited by 4 publications

References 59 publications

Evidence of the simultaneous replications of active viruses in specimens positive for multiple respiratory viruses

Evidence of the simultaneous replications of active viruses in specimens positive for multiple respiratory viruses

Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on the Clinical Features of Pediatric Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Japan

Evidence of the simultaneous replications of active viruses in specimens positive for multiple respiratory viruses

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