Epidemiological and aetiological aspects of low back pain in vibration environments—an update

Wilder, David G.; Mh, Pope

doi:10.1016/0268-0033(95)00039-9

Cited by 138 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Neck and back pain is a major disability for military personnel and is among the most diagnosed illness/injury for active-duty service members [5][6][7][8][9]. Epidemiological reports implicate whole-body vibration (WBV) as the cause of neck/back pain [13,14,48,55,84] with those who have served in combat settings at greatest risk. Over half (69%) of military helicopter pilots exposed to WBV report pain with the frequency of symptoms correlated with the length of exposure [24,59].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-body Vibration at Thoracic Resonance Induces Sustained Pain and Widespread Cervical Neuroinflammation in the Rat

Zeeman

Kartha

Jaumard

et al. 2015

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Whole-body vibration (WBV) is associated with back and neck pain in military personnel and civilians. However, the role of vibration frequency and the physiological mechanisms involved in pain symptoms are unknown. Questions/purposes This study asked the following questions: (1) What is the resonance frequency of the rat spine for WBV along the spinal axis, and how does frequency of WBV alter the extent of spinal compression/ extension? (2) Does a single WBV exposure at resonance induce pain that is sustained? (3) Does WBV at resonance alter the protein kinase C epsilon (PKCe) response in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG)? (4) Does WBV at resonance alter expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the spinal dorsal horn? (5) Does WBV at resonance alter the spinal neuroimmune responses that regulate pain? Methods Resonance of the rat (410 ± 34 g, n = 9) was measured by imposing WBV at frequencies from 3 to 15 Hz. Separate groups (317 ± 20 g, n = 10/treatment) underwent WBV at resonance (8 Hz) or at a nonresonant frequency (15 Hz). Behavioral sensitivity was assessed throughout to measure pain, and PKCe in the DRG was quantified as well as spinal CGRP, glial activation, and cytokine levels at Day 14. Results Accelerometer-based thoracic transmissibility peaks at 8 Hz (1.86 ± 0.19) and 9 Hz (1.95 ± 0.19, mean difference [MD] 0.290 ± 0.266, p \ 0.03), whereas the video-based thoracic transmissibility peaks at 8 Hz (1.90 ± 0.27), 9 Hz (2.07 ± 0.20), and 10 Hz (1.80 ± 0.25, MD 0.359 ± 0.284, p \ 0.01). WBV at 8 Hz produces more cervical extension (0.745 ± 0.582 mm, MD 0.242 ± 0.214, p \ 0.03) and compression (0.870 ± 0.676 mm, MD 0.326 ± 0.261, p \ 0.02) than 15 Hz (extension, 0.503 ± 0.279 mm; compression, 0.544 ± 0.400 mm). Pain is longer lasting (through Day 14) and more robust (p \ 0.01) after WBV at the resonant frequency (8 Hz) compared with 15 Hz WBV. PKCe in the nociceptors of the DRG increases according to the severity of WBV with greatest increases after 8 Hz WBV (p \ 0.03). However, spinal CGRP, cytokines, and glial activation are only evident after painful WBV at resonance. Conclusions WBV at resonance produces long-lasting pain and widespread activation of a host of nociceptive and neuroimmune responses as compared with WBV at a nonresonance condition. Based on this work, future investigations into the temporal and regional neuroimmune response to resonant WBV in both genders would be useful.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-body Vibration at Thoracic Resonance Induces Sustained Pain and Widespread Cervical Neuroinflammation in the Rat

Zeeman

Kartha

Jaumard

et al. 2015

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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“…Much research has been done on whole-body vibrations (WBV) and their potentially damaging effects on the human body, and though no definitive relationship exists, the development of low back pain and secondary injuries in persons exposed to WBV has been well documented [1][2][3][4][5]. Recent studies have attempted to categorize the possible mechanisms of injury related to WBV [6][7][8][9][10][11] and develop models that could optimize preventive measures [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curb descent testing of suspension manual wheelchairs

Kwarciak

Cooper²,

Fitzgerald³

2008

JRRD

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Abstract-Manual wheelchair users are subjected to wholebody vibrations (WBV) on a regular basis as they traverse obstacles and uneven surfaces. One way users could protect themselves from secondary injuries related to WBV is by using a suspension manual wheelchair. This study investigated the ability of suspension manual wheelchairs to reduce seat accelerations during curb descents of various heights (5, 10, and 15 cm). Sixteen manual wheelchairs (four suspension, four folding, four rigid, and four rigid titanium) were tested. Suspension wheelchairs transmitted significantly lower peak seat accelerations than folding wheelchairs during the 5 cm curb descents (p = 0.048) and significantly lower frequencyweighted peak seat accelerations during the 5 and 10 cm curb descents (p = 0.03 for both heights). However, when the suspension wheelchair Quickie XTR (Sunrise Medical; Carlsbad, California) was removed from the analysis, the suspension wheelchairs were not significantly different from the nonsuspension wheelchairs. When weight was considered, the suspension wheelchairs had significantly lower peak seat accelerations than the lighter rigid wheelchairs during 5 cm curb descents (p = 0.047). While suspension manual wheelchairs offer some reduction in WBV during curb descents, their limitations should be considered when a wheelchair is selected for everyday use.

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“…It is thought that such resonance can cause large relative displacements between the lumbar vertebrae, with extra compressive load and shear stress on tissues of the spine. As evidenced by cadaver experiments, mechanical damage and interference with tissue nutrition may lead to degeneration and microfractures of the vertebral endplates, increased intradiscal pressure, and rupture of disc fibres [66,67], with resultant development disc herniation [68,69]. Additionally, electromyographic studies have shown than WBV can induce fatigue in the paravertebral muscles of the lower back [65].…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Wbv-related Lumbar Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheumatic effects of vibration at work

Palmer

Bovenzi

2015

Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology

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Occupational exposures to vibration come in many guises and are very common at a population level. It follows that an important minority of working-aged patients seen by medical services will have been exposed to this hazard of employment. Vibration can cause human health effects which may manifest in the patients that rheumatologists see. In this chapter we identify the health effects of relevance to them, and review their epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, and vocational and clinical management. On either side of this, we describe the nature and assessment of the hazard, the scale and common patterns of exposure to vibration in the community, and the legal basis for controlling health risks, and comment on the role of health surveillance in detecting early adverse effects and what can be done to prevent the rheumatic effects of vibration at work. Keywords vibration; occupation; Raynaud's; back pain; carpal tunnel syndrome The nature and measurement of vibration at workVibration is an oscillatory motion, characterised by the frequency of the oscillatory cycle, its magnitude, and its direction. Its potential to cause injury is believed to relate to the average intensity of energy imparted to tissues.The magnitude of oscillatory motion can be quantified in terms of its maximum displacement or velocity, but is normally expressed in terms of its acceleration, and timeaveraged (the so-called 'root mean square (r.m.s.) magnitude'). The frequency of motion is expressed in cycles per second (Hertz). Biodynamic investigations have shown that the response of the body to vibration is frequency dependent and to account for this, standards for exposure evaluation weight the frequencies of measured vibration according to the assumed effects at each frequency. Frequency weightings are applied to measurements taken Conflict of interestNone. Europe PMC Funders Group Europe PMC Funders Author ManuscriptsEurope PMC Funders Author Manuscripts in three axes at right angles to one another, sited at the boundary between the body and the vibration (e.g. using accelerometers mounted on the handle of a powered tool or the seat of a vibrating vehicle). 'Dose' of vibration is based on specific relations between duration of exposure and vibration magnitude defined in ISO standards [1,2], allowing the daily vibration exposure to be re-expressed in terms of the equivalent acceleration that would impart the same energy over an 8-hour reference period (a notional average working day). This is called the A (8 Health surveillance is required for workers who remain regularly exposed above the EAV. These values have been translated into guidelines based upon typical patterns of exposure. For example, use of hammer-action tools for >1 hour/day, or of some rotary-action tools for >2 hours/day regularly is likely to exceed the ELV for HTV and the EAV may be breached by as little as 15 minutes/day of exposure to certain hammer-action tools [5]. (Some employers employ a 'traffic light' labelling syste...

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Epidemiological and aetiological aspects of low back pain in vibration environments—an update

Cited by 138 publications

References 57 publications

Whole-body Vibration at Thoracic Resonance Induces Sustained Pain and Widespread Cervical Neuroinflammation in the Rat

Whole-body Vibration at Thoracic Resonance Induces Sustained Pain and Widespread Cervical Neuroinflammation in the Rat

Curb descent testing of suspension manual wheelchairs

Rheumatic effects of vibration at work

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