Epidemiological Analysis of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Outbreaks in Pakistan

Zahur, Aamer Bin; Ullah, Aman; Irshad, Hamid; Latif, Asma; Ullah, Riasat Wasee; Jahangir, Muhammad; Afzal, Muhammad; Khan, Shahid Ali; Salaria, Sarosh Majid

doi:10.4236/jbm.2014.26004

Cited by 34 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Studies of this kind have been performed, e.g. in Tanzania [43] and Pakistan [44], estimating an R t of 4.0 (range 2.8-6.5) and a R 0 of 6.9, respectively; however, more research is required to substantiate these findings and extend them to other farming environments.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Herd Immunity and Determining Vaccination mentioning

confidence: 99%

Future research to underpin successful peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) eradication

Baron

Diop

Njeumi

et al. 2017

Journal of General Virology

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Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is a significant pathogen of small ruminants and is prevalent in much of Africa, the Near and Middle East and Asia. Despite the availability of an efficacious and cheap live-attenuated vaccine, the virus has continued to spread, with its range stretching from Morocco in the west to China and Mongolia in the east. Some of the world's poorest communities rely on small ruminant farming for subsistence and the continued endemicity of PPRV is a constant threat to their livelihoods. Moreover, PPRV's effects on the world's population are felt broadly across many economic, agricultural and social situations. This far-reaching impact has prompted the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) to develop a global strategy for the eradication of this virus and its disease. PPRV is a morbillivirus and, given the experience of these organizations in eradicating the related rinderpest virus, the eradication of PPRV should be feasible. However, there are many critical areas where basic and applied virological research concerning PPRV is lacking. The purpose of this review is to highlight areas where new research could be performed in order to guide and facilitate the eradication programme. These areas include studies on disease transmission and epidemiology, the existence of wildlife reservoirs and the development of next-generation vaccines and diagnostics. With the support of the international virology community, the successful eradication of PPRV can be achieved.

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Section: Factors Affecting Herd Immunity and Determining Vaccination mentioning

confidence: 99%

Future research to underpin successful peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) eradication

Baron

Diop

Njeumi

et al. 2017

Journal of General Virology

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“…La Peste de los pequeños rumiantes (PPR) es una enfermedad viral altamente contagiosa presente en ovinos y caprinos (1). La Organización Mundial de Sanidad Animal ha identificado a la PPR como una enfermedad viral en pequeños rumiantes notable y de importancia a nivel global, que está asociada a elevadas tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad (2,3).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats (1). The World Organization for Animal Health has identified PPR as a remarkable and economically important worldwide viral disease of small ruminants associated with high morbidity and mortality (2,3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estudio epidemiológico y modelación espacial de peste de pequeños rumiantes (PPR) en el área central de Irán

2017

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Objective. Estimate the prevalence and spatial modeling of PPR in the small ruminant population of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran, during 2009-2014. Materials and methods. Data were collected from veterinary organization and Offices in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province and data analysis was carried out using and IBM SPSS version 22 and Office 2010. For spatial modeling geographic information system (QGIS and PCI-Geomatic) was used. Results. This study showed that the overall prevalence of PPR during the years 2009 to 2014 was 1.37%. Koohrang, Ardal, Lordegan, Ben, Borougen, Shahrekord, Farsan and Kiar cities had the highest prevalence of PPR, respectively. The highest PPR infection rate was observed in the March and goat more affected rather than other ruminants. Conclusions. Our findings provide evidence of a rather common prevalence of PPR and its spatial distribution in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Using statistical tests for data analysis of PPR and its spatial modeling researchers can predict the incidence of disease in the future and could select appropriate measures of disease control.

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“…The combined estimates of mean cumulative morbidity and mortality for sheep and goats were estimated 65.37% and 26.51% respectively with a case fatality of 40.40%. The species specific mean cumulative morbidity, mortality and case fatality for goats were 68.80%, 29.45% and 42.75% respectively, while these estimates for sheep were 48.77%, 14.98% and of 26.16% respectively [22]. In Pakistan, PPR is often diagnosed by clinical signs and symptoms, postmortem examination and laboratory tests including serological,culture and molecular techniques.…”

Section: Present Status Of Ppr In Pakistanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ailment is transboundary animal disease and is one of the top ten diseases of small ruminants [1]. The other regional.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peste Des Petits Ruminants: An Overview and a Case Report From Pakistan

Alvi¹,

Hassan²,

Tanveer³

et al. 2017

Matrix sci. medica

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute or subacute viral disease of goats and sheep characterized by fever, necrotic stomatitis, gastroenteritis, pneumonia, and sometimes death. The virus also affects several wild small ruminant species. Cattle, buffalo, and pigs are only sub clinically infected. People are not at risk. The disease is of heavy economic significance in small ruminant industry and ranks among the top ten diseases affecting small ruminants. Isolation and quarantine measures, slaughtering of positive animals, proper disposal of infected materials, proper disinfection of utensils and other items of flock are crucial for control of PPR. PPR leads to heavy economic setbacks to the farmers. With the aims and objectives to flourish small ruminant farming and maximizing profit, a few key points should be rigorously adopted.

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Epidemiological Analysis of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Outbreaks in Pakistan

Cited by 34 publications

References 15 publications

Future research to underpin successful peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) eradication

Future research to underpin successful peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) eradication

Estudio epidemiológico y modelación espacial de peste de pequeños rumiantes (PPR) en el área central de Irán

Peste Des Petits Ruminants: An Overview and a Case Report From Pakistan

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