Epidemiological Analysis of PCR Cases in the Samu Service in the Municipality of Curitiba

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:Cardiorespiratory arrest (CPA) is a public health problem, with a high number of deaths occurring in Brazil, with half of the occurrences occurring in an out-of-hospital environment. Thus, the Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU) becomes essential, as it allows measures until the victim's arrival at the hospital to be carried out in a rationalized manner and in the shortest possible time. Furthermore, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the use of an automatic external defibrillator (AED), before help arrives, are actions that can significantly improve the outcome of cases, reducing the morbidity and mortality of victims. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and outcome of patients who had cardiorespiratory arrest and were treated by SAMU, in the city of Curitiba, in addition to defining the epidemiological profile of patients treated by this service and identifying whether there is a relationship between the variables analyzed and the outcome of service. METHODOLOGY: Quantitative, epidemiological and cross-sectional study, with patients who are victims of cardiac arrest treated by SAMU in Curitiba, who underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation, from January to July 2023. Data were collected from the rescuers' care reports, coming from the SAMU database, which were tabulated and analyzed by Microsoft Office Excel. RESULTS: 556 medical records of patients undergoing cardiac arrest who were treated by SAMU were analyzed. The computed and verified data indicated that PCR was reversed in 14.93% of cases (83 patients), with death occurring in 69.78% (388 patients), and it was also verified that in 11.69% (65 patients) the cause of death was different and in 3.60% (20 patients) it was not indicated in the medical records. Of the 556 patients, 325 (58.45%) were male and 203 (36.51%) were female, with 28 patients (5.04%) not having their sex identified. Regarding the time of activations, the afternoon period was the one with the highest number of cases, totaling 219 occurrences (39.39% of cases). Among the 388 patients who died, 268 (69.07%) were 60 years or older and in 307 patients (79.12%) the CA occurred at home. During SAMU care, 511 patients (91.9%) did not receive any type of drug, of which 501 (98.04%) died. Regarding reversible cases of CRP, 43 patients (51.81%) were 60 years old or older and 44 patients (53.01%) had CRP at home. Taking into consideration, the comorbidities analyzed, 113 patients (20.32%) were hypertensive and 78 (14.03%) were diabetic, with these diseases being significant for the CRP outcome. CONCLUSION: Of the 556 cases analyzed, it is understood that the majority of patients were male, aged over 60 years, with 388 patients dying, mainly at home and in the afternoon. Comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, cancer and diabetes, were more linked to the events. In patients in which the resuscitation protocol was used, with drugs and maneuvers, a reversal of the condition can be observed in most cases.