Epidemiologic trends in pediatric tinea capitis: A population-based study from Kaiser Permanente Northern California

Mirmirani, Paradi; Tucker, Lue-Yen

doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2013.08.031

Cited by 77 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…have been cultured from diverse sources, including combs, hats, and pillows. Practices such as the use of oils, frequency of hair washing, and tight braiding, have not shown to increase the risk of infection …”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reports of infection in infants are usually related to the use of broad‐spectrum antibiotics and immunosuppression . Some studies have shown no gender predilection, while others report an increased prevalence among boys, and others report the highest prevalence among African–American girls . Short hair is associated with higher incidence because fungal spores can access the scalp more easily .…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have shown no gender predilection, while others report an increased prevalence among boys, and others report the highest prevalence among African–American girls . Short hair is associated with higher incidence because fungal spores can access the scalp more easily . A recent study also demonstrated a higher risk of kerion development in rural populations compared to suburban populations, perhaps due to greater contact with animals.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The kerion: an angry tinea capitis

2016

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Tinea capitis has a high incidence with a global changing pathogen distribution, making this condition a public health concern around the world. As the infection is initially asymptomatic, it is easily spread. Moreover, it is present in many fomites, including hairbrushes, pillows, and bedding. Prompt recognition and treatment is necessary for kerion, an inflammatory subtype characterized by tender boggy plaques with purulent drainage. Kerion is usually associated with infection by zoophilic dermatophytes, although other sources have been described. Treatment for this severe form of dermatophytic infection can be challenging. In addition to the use of topical treatments, oral administration of griseofulvin, terbinafine, itraconazole, or fluconazole is often required. Griseofulvin, the first-line treatment, may not completely eradicate pathogen colonization of the host and may contribute to reinfection and prevalence of infective but asymptomatic carriers. This review highlights new agents that are being evaluated for the treatment of kerion and typical tinea capitis, enhanced diagnostic criteria, and a grading system for kerion evaluation.

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Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The kerion: an angry tinea capitis

2016

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“…In the United States, Trichophyton tonsurans and Microsporum canis are the most common causative organisms. Trichophyton can spread human-to-human, whereas Microsporum can be acquired from pets (13, 14). After direct inoculation, the dermatophytes invade the hair follicle, resulting in acute patchy hair loss with various degrees of erythema, pruritus, and scaling (15).…”

Section: Tinea Capitismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Practical Approach to the Diagnosis and Management of Hair Loss in Children and Adolescents

Liu

Senna

2017

Front. Med.

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Hair loss or alopecia is a common and distressing clinical complaint in the primary care setting and can arise from heterogeneous etiologies. In the pediatric population, hair loss often presents with patterns that are different from that of their adult counterparts. Given the psychosocial complications that may arise from pediatric alopecia, prompt diagnosis and management is particularly important. Common causes of alopecia in children and adolescents include alopecia areata, tinea capitis, androgenetic alopecia, traction alopecia, trichotillomania, hair cycle disturbances, and congenital alopecia conditions. Diagnostic tools for hair loss in children include a detailed history, physical examination with a focused evaluation of the child's hair and scalp, fungal screens, hair pull and tug test, and if possible, light microscopy and/or trichoscopy. Management of alopecia requires a holistic approach including psychosocial support because treatments are only available for some hair loss conditions, and even the available treatments are not always effective. This review outlines the clinical presentations, presents a diagnostic algorithm, and discusses management of these various hair loss disorders.

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“…Ce sont des maladies infectieuses qui se voient essentiellement chez l'enfant et guérissent généralement à la puberté. La fréquence des teignes a nettement diminué dans les pays développés au cours des dernières décennies [11] en raison de l'amélioration des conditions socioéconomiques, des conditions d'hygiène et de l'avènement de la griséofulvine, produit efficace dans le traitement des teignes. Leurs conséquences socio-économiques sont lourdes et le retentissement psychologique est important.…”

Section: Teignesunclassified