Epidemiologic study on Yusho, a Poisoning Caused by Ingestion of Rice Oil Contaminated with a Commercial Brand of Polychlorinated Biphenyls

Effects of short-term dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls on pharmacokinetics of intravenous pentobarbital in rats

“…The blood sampling procedure was similar to that described previously (14). Blood samples were collected in microcapillary tubes pretreated with 10% sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate at 5,7,10,15,20,30,45,60, and 90 min postdosing. Rats were sacrificed after 5 18.7 f 3. each pretreatment period.…”

“…Exposure to environmental contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls, which accumulate. in human tissues (11,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) and induce human hepatic enzymes (22-26), could drastically reduce the disposition half-life of drugs. Therefore, a thorough understanding of drug pharmacokinetics as affected by polychlorinated biphenyls and other environmental contaminants is useful in predicting their possible effects on drug therapy.…”

European developments following incidents with dioxins and PCBs in the food and feed chain

“…At higher levels, an increased incidence of certain tumours and the appearance of chloracne in highly exposed subjects, is observed. The latter was a first indication of exposure as in the case of the Yusho and Yucheng incidents with rice oil (Hsu et al, 1985;Kuratsune, Yoshimura, Matsuzaka, & Yamaguchi, 1972), the Seveso incident (Mocarelli et al, 1986), and the reported poisoning of the former Ukranian president Victor Yushchenko (Sorg et al, 2009). …”

“…Feed fat, cow hides, chlorophenols Effects, authorities Schmittle et al, 1958, Sanger et al, 1958, Higgenbotham et al, 1968, Firestone, 1973US 1969 Water, chlorophenols Effects Firestone, 1973Japan 1968 Rice oil; PCB-oil Effects Kuratsune et al, 1972Taiwan 1979 Rice oil; PCB-oil Effects Hsu et al, 1985Netherlands 1989 Waste incinerators Grass; milk 14 Authorities Liem et al, 1991US 1996 Ball clay, feed, chickens, cat fish Feed 61, cat fish 43 (lw), eggs Authorities Cooper et al 1995, Hayward et al, 1999, Ferrario and approach of screening with the CALUX bioassay and confirmation with GC/HRMS. Food samples selected for analysis are derived from the respective National Control Plan on Residues, which each EU member state is required to perform, focussing on a specific list of contaminants but normally not including PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs.…”

Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Environmental Levels of Polychlorinated Biphenyls on Pharmacokinetics of Pentobarbital in Rats

“…Polychlorinated biphenyls have been found in human tissues (5), and an outbreak of chloracne in Japan (6) has been attributed to their accumulation in tissue. Adverse effects on reproduction in rats (7) and monkeys (8) have also been associated with polychlorinated biphenyl ingestion.…”