Epidemiologic Studies of Osteoporosis in Women of Puerto Rico and Southeastern Michigan With Special Reference to Age, Race, National Origin and to Other Related or Associated Findings

Smith, Richmond W.; Řízek, J.

doi:10.1097/00003086-196600450-00005

Cited by 124 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…[17][18][19][20] Several cross-sectional studies have been conducted on the association between atherosclerotic calcification and osteoporosis among elderly women. [3][4][5][6][7][8][21][22][23] Most of these studies found an association, [3][4][5][6][7][8] although some did not. [21][22][23] Potential confounding factors other than age have not been taken into account in most of these studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies, however, indicate that atherosclerosis and osteoporosis are associated. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Calcification is a common feature of atherosclerotic plaques and is regulated in a way similar to bone mineralization. [11][12][13][14][15][16] The relation of vascular calcification to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and plaque rupture is not clear yet, but data indicate that moderate calcification of plaques contributes to vascular morbidity and mortality.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Progression of Aortic Calcification Is Associated With Metacarpal Bone Loss During Menopause

Hak

Pols

Hemert

et al. 2000

ATVB

337

204

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Atherosclerosis and osteoporosis are major causes of morbidity and mortality in postmenopausal women and have been suggested to be associated. No study has examined whether progression of atherosclerotic calcification is associated with bone loss. In the present study, we examined progression of aortic calcification, diagnosed by radiographic detection of calcified deposits in the abdominal aorta, in relation to metacarpal bone loss, as assessed by metacarpal radiogrammetry, during menopause. Initially premenopausal women (nϭ236), aged 45 to 57 years at baseline, were followed for 9 years. We additionally assessed the cross-sectional association between the extent of aortic calcification and metacarpal bone mass and density in 720 postmenopausal women. Twenty-five percent of women going through menopause showed progression of aortic calcification. The average loss of metacarpal bone mass among women with progression of aortic calcification was 3.2 mm 2 , and their loss of metacarpal bone density was 7.2 mm 2 %, whereas in women without progression of aortic calcification, these losses were 2.0 mm 2 and 5.6 mm 2 %, respectively, adjusted for age and years of follow-up (PϽ0.05). Additional adjustment for age at menopause, body mass index, blood pressure, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and use of hormone replacement therapy, thiazide, and loop diuretics did not influence these results. In postmenopausal women, a graded inverse cross-sectional association between the extent of aortic calcification and metacarpal bone mass and density was found. In conclusion, our results indicate that progression of atherosclerotic calcification is associated with increased bone loss in women during menopause. Key Words: atherosclerosis Ⅲ vascular calcification Ⅲ osteoporosis Ⅲ menopause C ardiovascular disease and osteoporosis are major causes of morbidity and mortality in postmenopausal women 1,2 and are generally considered unrelated. Several studies, however, indicate that atherosclerosis and osteoporosis are associated. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Calcification is a common feature of atherosclerotic plaques and is regulated in a way similar to bone mineralization. [11][12][13][14][15][16] The relation of vascular calcification to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and plaque rupture is not clear yet, but data indicate that moderate calcification of plaques contributes to vascular morbidity and mortality. [17][18][19][20] Several cross-sectional studies have been conducted on the association between atherosclerotic calcification and osteoporosis among elderly women. [3][4][5][6][7][8][21][22][23] Most of these studies found an association, 3-8 although some did not. [21][22][23] Potential confounding factors other than age have not been taken into account in most of these studies. [3][4][5]8,21,22 No study examined whether progression of atherosclerotic calcification is associated with bone loss. Because the prevalence of atherosclerosis and osteoporosis increases from menopause onward, 24,25 the change from the premenopaus...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Progression of Aortic Calcification Is Associated With Metacarpal Bone Loss During Menopause

Hak

Pols

Hemert

et al. 2000

ATVB

337

204

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We would then observe their injury experience and see if the incidence of fractured hips was higher in those with osteoporosis than in those without it. Some of the findings from the examination are presented in publications by Dr. Smith [6,7]. The injury experience of the women and its relation to osteoporosis will be published by us jointly in the near future.…”

Section: Osteoporosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Classic: The Etiology of Fractured Hips in Females

Iskrant

2010

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Falls are the leading cause of all accidental deaths in elderly white women, and fractures usually of the lower limb account for most of the deaths. These appear to be chiefly associated with ''bone fragility,'' a condition most prevalent in elderly white women. Both osteoporosis and deaths from falls seem to be lower where the drinking water has a high fluoride content.Falls are the leading cause of non-transport accidental death in all persons and the leading cause of all accidental death in elderly white females in the United States. About three-quarters of all deaths from falls occur to persons aged 65 and over. Almost 90 per cent of the deaths from falls in the white female are to persons 65 and over but only about two-thirds of the fall deaths to white males involve those 65 and over. In contrast to death, injury from falls is most frequent in youth.The death rate for falls is moderately high in the preschool child, extremely low in children of school age, and extremely high in the older age groups with rates increasing with age. For persons under 45 years of age, the highest rates are in infants under one year of age. Figure 1 shows the fall death rates for ages 45 and over for 1959-1961 and it may be noted that up to about age 65 male rates are higher than female and nonwhite higher than white. In the older age groups white females have the highest rates followed by white males, with nonwhite males having the lowest rates. Injuries from falls show somewhat the same sex pattern, with the male rate higher than the female throughout the school years, and the female rate becoming relatively higher with advancing age. Studies of Injuries from FallsFracture is the most common type of injury involved in deaths from falls, with hip fracture the leading injury in elderly persons, especially females. A special tabulation

show abstract

“…Except for grades 2 and 3 in the age group 45-54, the proportion with fractures is higher for wom'ien injured in falls; the proportion with fractures also increases up to age 75. In table 4 is shown the anatomic site of fracture by grade of vertebral density and by age group. Also shown is the percentage of fractures of persons who were classified in grades 0 and 1.…”

Section: Incidence Of Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results of epidemiologic studies have shown that osteoporosis is most prevalent in white womeln, especially of northwestern European stock (1)(2)(3)(4). To the extent that deaths from falls reflect the incidence of fractured hips, the national mortality statistics support the association of falls with osteoporosis, as rates for mortality from falls become higher in women alnd white persons in the older years (5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%