Epidemiologic Profile of Thyroid Disorders in a Tertiary Care Hospital, a Five Years Analysis

Abstract

Background: Thyroid disorders are commonly encountered endocrine ailments in clinical practice.Objective: To determine the trends and frequency of thyroid disorders in patients presented for thyroid dysfunction at the department of Pathology Benazir Bhutto hospital RawalpindiStudy Design: Cross-sectional retrospective study. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent thyroid function tests were enrolled in the study Thyroid function tests were performed on a fully automated Chemistry Analyzer. Graph Pad Prism version 7 and SPSS version 25 were used for statistical analysis of the data.Results: Out of 2856 patients, 81.9% were females and 18.1% were males. The mean age of the participants was 38.12 ± 14.51 years and the median was 35(13-96). Overall, 1951 (68.3%) of the subjects were euthyroid, 343(12.0%) had subclinical hyperthyroidism, 200 (7.0%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, 192(6.7%) had overt hyperthyroidism and 168 (5.9%) had overt hypothyroidism. Females have a significantly high percentage of thyroid disorders as compared to males(χ2 =0.976 p =0.027). The major age group 798(27.9 %) tested for thyroid dysfunction suspicion was 24 to 33 years followed by 34-43 (22.9%).Conclusions: The thyroid dysfunction prevalence was higher in females than males. An upward trend in the frequency of thyroid dysfunction was observed with increasing age. Subclinical hyperthyroidism was the commonest abnormality observed. A steep rise in subclinical hyperthyroidism may be attributed to the high intake of iodized salt.

Incidence of Thyroid Diseases in Local Population

“…01, January, 2023 19 The findings of our study highlighted that 28.0% patients were euthyroid while 23.8%, 12.8% and 35.4% had hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism, respectively. But the results of a Pakistani study conducted by Nafisa and associates (2021) are better than our study results who confirmed that 68.3% patients were euthyroid while 12%, 7%, 6.7% and 5.9% patients had had subclinical hyperthyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, overt hyperthyroidism and overt hypothyroidism, respectively 1 . In an Indian study, Lakshminarayana and collaborators (2016) reported that 84.31% patients were euthyroid while 1.6%, 7.15%, 2.77% and 4.17% patients had subclinical hyperthyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, respectively 19 .…”

“…A study carried Nafisa and associates (2021) also showed significant association (P=0.001) between age and thyroid diseases. [1] In our study an insignificant association was seen between gender and thyroid diseases but study done by Alqahtani (2021) showed significant association between gender and thyroid diseases (P<0.05) 16 . Findings of a study done by Nafisa and associates (2021) also confirmed significant association between gender and thyroid diseases (P0.027) 1 .…”

“…Thyroid diseases are considered most significant public health dilemma worldwide and ranked as 2nd most prevalent endocrine disorder [1][2][3] . Global incidence of thyroid diseases is from 5% to 10% 4 .…”

Hypothyroidism correlates with dyslipidemia and protein contents in patients with various metabolic disorders

“…18 The main objective of this study was to document any abnormalities in the levels of THs (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH], thyroxin (T4) and triiodothyronine [T3]), lipid profile parameters (TC, LDL and HDL) and total protein (TP) contents in patients with various metabolic disorders. Related research was previously carried out worldwide 12 and in some cities of Pakistan, such as Islamabad/Rawalpindi/ Lahore, 19,20 Karachi, 21 Peshawar 22 and Azad Jammu Kashmir, 23 but the findings have not been described in a population of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between thyroid and lipid parameter irregularities.…”