Epidemiologic evidence of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Gamboa-Loira, Brenda; López‐Carrillo, Lizbeth; Mar-Sánchez, Yuliana; Stern, Dalia; Cebrián, Mariano E.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133237

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Smoked food was found to be positively associated with increased risk of breast cancer. PAHs can be introduced into the body through the consumption of smoked/grilled/ roasted foods and accumulated in the mammary and fat tissues and PAHs covalently bind to DNA of epithelial cells forming PAH-DNA adducts 10 . The association between breast cancer risk and smoked or grilled food is limited.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Cancer Is Significantly Associated with Cancers in The First- and Second-Degree Relatives in Ethnic Mizo-Mongoloid Population, Northeast India

Zodinpuii

Pautu

Zothankima

et al. 2022

Natl J Community Med

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Background: High incidence of breast cancer among the endogamous Mizo-Mongoloid tribe stresses the need to explore the disease pertaining to the family history as well as other risk factors. This study investigates the association of risk factors and inherited diseases with breast cancer. Methodology: The study includes 426 unrelated breast cancer cases and 810 healthy controls of female Mizo ethnicity. Association between reproductive history, lifestyle/ dietary habits, tobacco and alcohol exposures, family history in relation to cancer and inheritable diseases was assessed by univariate logistic regression using Chi-square tests and multivariate analyses using Cox regression. Results: Age at diagnosis was highest between 41 to 50 years. Consumption of fermented pork fat, smoked food and Smoke-less tobacco, lower intake of vegetables/ water, having a first/ or second degree relative with cancers and inheritable diseases were found to be the major risk factors. Certain known factors were also acting as confounding factors. Conclusions: The present study reveals that Mizo women with first- and second-degree relatives of breast cancer, various other cancers and inheritable diseases have increased risk of breast cancer. This study also highlights the importance of analysing genetic factors which can aid in early detection of inherited risk factors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Cancer Is Significantly Associated with Cancers in The First- and Second-Degree Relatives in Ethnic Mizo-Mongoloid Population, Northeast India

Zodinpuii

Pautu

Zothankima

et al. 2022

Natl J Community Med

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“…37 Epidemiological evidence suggests that PAH exposure is associated with breast cancer, whereas it is antagonistically associated with high fruit and vegetable intake. 38 It has been reported that vitamins may be an active ingredient to prevent damage caused by PAHs, important components of cigarettes, and PM2.5. 39,40 In this study, we examined the relationship between OH-PAH exposure, vitamin D levels, and human cancers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on cancer risk causally mediated via vitamin D levels

Chen

et al. 2023

Environmental Toxicology

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) widely exist in environmental substrates and are closely related to individual circulating vitamin D levels and tumorigenesis. Therefore, we proposed to evaluate the relationship between PAH exposure, vitamin D, and the risks for 14 cancer types via a causal inference framework underlying the mediation analysis. We evaluated seven urine monohydroxylated PAH (OH‐PAH) and serum vitamin D concentrations of 3306 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between the 2013 and 2016 survey cycles and measured PAH concentrations in 150 subjects from the Nanjing cohort. We observed a significant negative dose–response relationship between increased OH‐PAH levels and vitamin D deficiency. Each unit increase in ∑OH‐PAHs could lead to a decrease in vitamin D levels (βadj = −0.98, Padj = 2.05 × 10−4). Body mass index could have interaction effects with ∑OH‐PAHs and affect vitamin D levels. Coexposure to naphthalene and fluorene metabolites mutually affected vitamin D levels. Notably, vitamin D could causally mediate the relationship between OH‐PAHs and nine types of cancer (e.g., colorectal cancer, liver cancers, etc.). This study first emphasizes the causal cascade of individual OH‐PAHs, vitamin D, and cancer risk, providing insights into prevention via the environment.

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“…iron, nickel, copper), which may induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation ( Rückerl et al, 2007 ; Grunig et al, 2014 ) and stimulate the progression of breast cancer ( Romaniuk et al, 2017 ). PAHs are generated during combustion processes and derive from various sources such as indoor fireplaces, wildfires, industrial activities, and vehicular traffic and the exposure to PAHs has been identified as a risk factor for breast cancer ( Lichtiger et al, 2021 ; Gamboa-Loira et al, 2022 ). Importantly, a stronger association of breast cancer risk was found with traffic related air pollution (TRAP) and higher PAH exposure intensity and duration of exposure ( Brody et al, 2007 ; Nie et al, 2007 ; Mordukhovich et al, 2016 ; Large and Wei 2017 ; Shen et al, 2017 ; Lee et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introduction— Environmental Exposure and Breast Ca...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental exposure and the role of AhR in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer

2022

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Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) through environmental exposure to chemicals including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) can lead to severe adverse health effects and increase the risk of breast cancer. This review considers several mechanisms which link the tumor promoting effects of environmental pollutants with the AhR signaling pathway, contributing to the development and progression of breast cancer. We explore AhR’s function in shaping the tumor microenvironment, modifying immune tolerance, and regulating cancer stemness, driving breast cancer chemoresistance and metastasis. The complexity of AhR, with evidence for both oncogenic and tumor suppressor roles is discussed. We propose that AhR functions as a “molecular bridge”, linking disproportionate toxin exposure and policies which underlie environmental injustice with tumor cell behaviors which drive poor patient outcomes.

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Epidemiologic evidence of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 28 publications

References 61 publications

Breast Cancer Is Significantly Associated with Cancers in The First- and Second-Degree Relatives in Ethnic Mizo-Mongoloid Population, Northeast India

Breast Cancer Is Significantly Associated with Cancers in The First- and Second-Degree Relatives in Ethnic Mizo-Mongoloid Population, Northeast India

Effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on cancer risk causally mediated via vitamin D levels

Environmental exposure and the role of AhR in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer

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