Epidemiologic evaluation of toxoplasmosis and leading risk factors in HIV/AIDS patients in Arak City, Iran

Aghaee, Reza; Saki, Sassan; Didehdar, Mojtaba; Hajihossein, Reza; Eslamirad, Zahra

doi:10.21767/amj.2017.3099

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The comparison of the current results with those of previous studies in the same region of Iran (Arak city) showed that there was an approximate similarity in the prevalence of this disease between 1026 males who referred to a premarriage laboratory (35.5%), 308 pregnant women (38%), and 261 postpartum women in a maternity hospital (32.5%). Contradictory, there was a sensible difference between the prevalence obtained in the present study and the serological prevalence of the disease in 400 girls of reproductive age (24.3%) and 49 HIV-positive patients (20.4%) in Arak city [7,14].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…In Iran, most studies have been performed to determine the prevalence of T. gondii infection in high-risk groups such as pregnant women, premarital women, neonates, and children, and only few studies have been performed on the general population [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In this regard, Markazi Province is not an exception and as the other provinces in Iran, except of a few limited studies on specific populations, the prevalence of T. gondii infection on the general population of this province has not been studied [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii infection in western Iran: seroepidemiology and risk factors analysis

et al. 2020

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Background Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infectious disease, and Toxoplasma gondii is the causative factor of this intracellular protozoan disease. Due to the lack of information about the rate of T. gondii in general papulation of Markazi Province in Iran, the current study was conducted to determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis and the related risk factor analysis in the general population of Markazi Province. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed within 6 months on individuals who were referred to diagnostic laboratories in Markazi Province. The demographic and background information of the subjects were collected using a questionnaire. Three milliliters of blood samples was collected from the participants under sterile conditions. The sera were separated and evaluated for levels of anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS software using descriptive statistics and chi-square test. Results Out of 824 people from the general population of Markazi Province who were investigated in this study, 276 (33.5%) had anti-Toxoplasma antibodies in their blood. According to the logistic regression model, gender variables, location, marital status, and having a cat at home do not affect the chances of contracting the parasite. Furthermore, the chance of contracting the parasite in 41- to 50-year-olds is 0.85 times the one in the 20- to 30-year-olds. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis in men and women in Markazi Province was 33% and 34.5%, respectively. Conclusion The mean prevalence of T. gondii infection in the age groups of 20-40, and ≥ 40 years was estimated to be 24.7%, and 40.8%, respectively. These rates were significantly lower than the national results (44%, and 55%, respectively). Therefore, regarding to the health authorities, it is necessary to raise the level of awareness of people of the region, especially at-risk groups about the transmittance and prevention methods, and infection risk factors in order to prevent the occurrence of T. gondii infection and reduce the prevalence and incidence of the disease.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii infection in western Iran: seroepidemiology and risk factors analysis

et al. 2020

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Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in HIV-Infected Individuals in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Shakib,

Behzadifar,

Mahmoudvand

et al. 2023

CHR

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Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan that can infect almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans. Patients with co-infection with toxoplasmosis and HIV have a 30-40% risk of developing toxoplasmosis encephalitis. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology and burden of Toxoplasma gondii in HIV-infected individuals in Iran. Methods: We searched the five English databases (Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Embase, and Cochrane) and four Persian databases (Scientific Information Database (SID), Iran Medex, Iran Doc, and Magiran) with the terms of (Toxoplasma gondii OR “toxoplasmosis”) AND (HIV OR “AIDS” OR immunodeficiency OR acquired immune deficiency syndrome) AND (Seroprevalence) AND (Seroepidemiologic Studies) AND (Elisa OR IgG) AND (PCR) AND (Iran) by two authors up to Feb 2021. Studies were included if they investigated people with HIV infection and presented data that allowed us to establish the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Iran. Results: According to the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 15 studies were selected. A total number of 2275 HIV-infected individuals were tested and evaluated for toxoplasmosis from 2005 up to 2018 in different regions of Iran. The weighted overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected individuals with Elisa was obtained using a random-effects model, which was estimated at 47% (95% CI = 31% – 62%). Also, the Weighted overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected individuals with PCR was obtained using a random-effects model, which was estimated at 7% (95% CI = 3% – 12%). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be clearly understood that a large population of HIV patients living in Iran have toxoplasmosis. Therefore, due to the high susceptibility of these groups to toxoplasmosis, healthcare professionals must consider measures such as training in the ways of transmission and prevention of the infection to this high-risk group in order to reduce the risk of infection.

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Epidemiologic evaluation of toxoplasmosis and leading risk factors in HIV/AIDS patients in Arak City, Iran

Abstract: BackgroundToxoplasmosis is a common opportunistic infection that can be fatal in immunocompromised individuals, such as those with HIV/AIDS.

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

Evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii infection in western Iran: seroepidemiology and risk factors analysis

Evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii infection in western Iran: seroepidemiology and risk factors analysis

Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in HIV-Infected Individuals in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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