Epidemiologia dos traumas em países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento

Abstract

Objective: Report on the mortality rate of children and youths due to nonintentional external causes disclosed in the world medical literature, with analysis of the principal non-intentional external deadly causes and identification of differences related to the external causes of death in countries with different economic and social performances. Method: This was a systematic review of the literature on mortality from accidental injury in children and adolescents. We searched the PubMed, Latin-American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, and Excerpta Medica databases for articles published between July of 2001 and June of 2011. National data from official agencies, retrieved by hand searches, were also reviewed. Results: We reviewed 15 journal articles and 1 book, as well as 2010 statistical data from the Brazilian National Ministry of Health Mortality Database. Most of the data relate to countries with high economic and social performance, with predominance of countries with high and middle economic income and very high economic development rates. Deaths due to external causes were primarily the result of non-intentional causes. There was a predominance of transportation accidents as the principal cause of death in the countries surveyed, especially as from preschool age. Accidental drowning and submersion rank second, followed by falls, burns and poisoning. The highest rates of death from non-intentional external causes by age grade were observed in children below 1 year old, principally due to accidental threats to breathing, excluding drowning and submersion. A significant number of deaths due to undetermined external causes was also identified. This situation was also registered in Brazil, and nearly half of all childhood deaths from traffic accidents occurred at the scene. Conclusions: Traffic accidents were found to constitute the leading external cause of accidental death among children in the countries under study, principally among those of preschool age or older. Infants were found to be particularly vulnerable to accidental non-drowning threats to breathing. A detailed investigation about deaths due to external causes must be considered in order to reduce the number of deaths due to undetermined causes. Further studies investigating the occurrence of accidental deaths in countries with low social and economic development are needed in order to improve the understanding of these preventable events.

Social Risk for The Family of Drug Users Hospitalized Due to Physical Injury / Risco Social de Familias de Usuários de Drogas Internados por Trauma Físico

“…2 The association of drugs of abuse and urban violence is one of the causal factors of physical trauma, mainly because drug users exhibit impulsive and risk-taking behaviors that increase the likelihood of suffering or witnessing traumatic events. [3][4] It is important to know the circumstances in which physical trauma associated with drugs of abuse occur, and the factors related to this event -the family context, the environment of drug use and the victim's circle of coexistence, since it makes it possible to identify and break the web that determines the approximation with the drug, abuse, violence, and severity of the event. [5][6] Users of drugs of abuse usually access health services only when they present complications related to compulsive consumption, clinical impairment due to chronic use or in situations of violence and physical trauma.…”

Homicídios e Acidentes de Crianças e Adolescentes: Análise de 2.462 Necropsias Médico-Legais

“…Mortes de crianças e adolescentes (CA) por acidentes e homicídios são um importante problema mundial de saúde pública, inclusive nas nações mais desenvolvidas 1 . Acidentes são a principal causa de morte de CA em grande parte dos países, apesar de serem eventos em sua maioria previsíveis e evitáveis, o que torna criticável o próprio uso deste termo 2,3 . A situação dos homicídios de CA é particularmente preocupante.…”

A Prevalência De Leiomioma De Útero Em Mulheres No Norte De Minas Gerais

“…The male gender was prevalent, with 82% of the total and the age group from 07 to 12 years old the most incident (66.9%). Variable height falls were the most common cause with 73 cases (54.89%); failure to specify the circumstance that led to the trauma em lesões peculiares (IMAMURA, 2012)…”