Epidemic Trends and Biofilm Formation Mechanisms of Haemophilus influenzae: Insights into Clinical Implications and Prevention Strategies

Background: Adverse events and microbiota dysbiosis resulting from Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy have become increasingly evident. This study investigates the adjunctive therapeutic effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MH-301 in H. pylori eradication therapy, along with its effects on the gut and vaginal microbiota. Method: 257 sexually active, premenopausal women aged 18-50 years, diagnosed with H. pyloriinfection alongside chronic gastritis, were randomly allocated to undergo either bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (amoxicillin, furazolidone, potassium bismuth citrate, rabeprazole) combined with probiotics (L. plantarum MH-301) or a placebo for 14 days. Stool samples and vaginal swabs were collected before and after treatment to facilitate high-throughput sequencing analysis. Result: The probiotic group exhibited lower incidences of bloating (10.2% vs 19.4%, P=0.037), constipation (2.3% vs 7.8%, P =0.048), and excessive vaginal discharge (3.1% vs 9.3%, P=0.040), and showed better treatment tolerability compared to the placebo group (P<0.05), although no statistically significant difference in eradication rates between the two groups. High-throughput sequencing revealed that H. pylori eradication therapy led to a decrease in the relative abundance of Prevotella in the gut microbiota, and an increase in Streptococcus and Haemophilus. In the vaginal microbiota, Lactobacillus decreased while Gardnerellaincreased. Compared to the placebo group, the probiotic group showed a higher relative abundance of Megamonas, Prevotella, and Lactobacillusin the gut microbiota, and lower levels of Streptococcus and Haemophilus. In the vaginal microbiota, Gardnerella was significantly lower (P<0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a positive association between gastrointestinal and vaginal adverse events, and a positive correlation of Lactobacillusin both gut and vaginal microbiota (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study is the first to demonstrate at the clinical level that L. plantarumMH-301 reduces H. pylori treatment-related adverse events via gut-vaginal axis. In addition, microbiota modulation could be the possible mechanism through which it achieves its clinical efficacy.

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Evolution of Haemophilus influenzae infection during the vaccination period: literature review

Krasivskiy,

Kovalev,

Borisova

et al. 2023

Det. infekc.

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Mass immunization with H. influenzae type b (Hib) vaccines has led to a sharp decrease in the incidence of invasive and non-invasive forms of Haemophilus influenza infection. H. influenzae causes a diverse spectrum of diseases from usually asymptomatic carriage to otitis, sinusitis, epiglottitis, pneumonia, endopericarditis, inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue, arthritis, and is one of the four main causative agents of bacterial meningitis. Materials and methods. In order to identify the significance of Hemophilus influenzae infection during the vaccination period, an analysis was carried out on the spread of Hemophilus influenzae infection, its clinical forms, as well as the antibiotic resistance of the pathogen. A review of domestic and foreign publications over the past 20 years was conducted in the search engines PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library and Elibrary. Results. Studies conducted in various countries show that after the start of mass immunization, H. influenzae type b is no longer the dominant serotype of the pathogen causing invasive infections in most countries. Everywhere in the world, the leading positions are occupied by cases of infection caused by non-typable serotypes of H. influenzae type a, f, b (Hia, Hif, Hib) predominate among the capsular forms. Unprotected aminopenicillins, second-generation cephalosporins, and sulfonamides are the leading classes of antibacterial drugs to which H. influenzae strains have developed resistance. A variety of clinical forms is still relevant for hemophilic infection. Bacteremia, meningitis, and pneumonia are the main clinical manifestations of invasive Haemophilus influenzae infection caused by typed and non-typed serotypes of the pathogen.

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Epidemic Trends and Biofilm Formation Mechanisms of Haemophilus influenzae: Insights into Clinical Implications and Prevention Strategies

Cited by 4 publications

References 135 publications

Molecular characteristics and biofilm formation capacity of nontypeable Haemophilus influenza strains isolated from lower respiratory tract in children

Molecular characteristics and biofilm formation capacity of nontypeable Haemophilus influenza strains isolated from lower respiratory tract in children

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MH-301 reduces Helicobacter pylori treatment-related adverse events via gut-vaginal axis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Evolution of Haemophilus influenzae infection during the vaccination period: literature review

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