Epidemic obesity and type 2 diabetes in Asia

Yoon, Kun Ho; Lee, Jin Hee; Kim, Ji Won; Cho, Jae Hyoung; Choi, Yoon‐Hee; Ko, Seung Hyun; Zimmet, Paul; Son, Ho Young

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)69703-1

Cited by 1,376 publications

(1,128 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…50 Diabetes mellitus is identified as a risk factor for HCC. DM is shown to increase the risk of HCC by two to four folds even after adjusting for other predisposing factors.…”

Section: Impact Of Diabetes As Risk Factor In Hepatocellular Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in India

Kar

2014

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an important cause of death all over the world, more so in Asia and Africa. The representative data on epidemiology of HCC in India is very scanty and cancer is not a reportable disease in India and the cancer registries in India are mostly urban. 45 million people who are suffering from chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and approximately 15 million people who are afflicted with chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in India. HBV and HCV infection is considered an important etiologic factor in HCC. Positive association between HCC and consumption of alcohol where alcohol contribute as a cofactor for hepatotoxins and hepatitis viruses. Aflatoxin contamination in the diets, Hepatitis B virus infection and liver cirrhosis in Andhra Pradesh, India and direct chronic exposure to aflatoxins was shown to cause liver cirrhosis. Cirrhosis of liver of any cause lead to develop about 70%-90% of HCC. Aflatoxin interact synergistically with Hepatitis B virus (HBV)/Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection which increase the risk of HCC. HBV infection, HBV infection with Aflatoxin exposure, viral infection and alcohol consumption leading to overt cirrhosis of the liver, alcohol consumption leading to cirrhosis of the liver with viral infection are the predominant risk factor for the development of HCC. HCV and alcohol are also associated with HCC in India. Indians develop diabetes at younger age, Asians have strong genetic susceptibility for type II diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is identified as a risk factor for HCC. Prevention of viral infection by universal vaccination against hepatitis virus, HCC surveillance program, preventing alcoholic liver diseases, fungal contamination of grains and ground crops to prevent basically Aflatoxin exposure are important measures to prevent liver diseases and HCC among those at risk. ( J CLIN EXP HEPATOL 2014;4:S34-S42)

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“…50 Diabetes mellitus is identified as a risk factor for HCC. DM is shown to increase the risk of HCC by two to four folds even after adjusting for other predisposing factors.…”

Section: Impact Of Diabetes As Risk Factor In Hepatocellular Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in India

Kar

2014

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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“…The worldwide prevalence of T2DM in all age groups was 2.8% in 2000 and is expected to be 4.4% in 2030 [6]. The rate of increase in the incidence of T2DM in developing countries, including some Asian countries, is greater than in developed countries [7]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes among women with a previous history of gestational diabetes mellitus

Lee

Jang

Park³

et al. 2008

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

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“…The increasing number of patients with diabetes in Asian countries is an important public health problem [1]. One well-documented change that may contribute to the risk of diabetes in Asia and elsewhere is soft drink consumption [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar-sweetened beverage and diet soda consumption and the 7-year risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged Japanese men

et al. 2014

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2 Abstract PurposeThis cohort study investigated the association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) and diet soda consumption and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in Japanese men. MethodsThe participants were 2,037 employees of a factory in Japan. We measured consumption of SSB and diet soda using a self-administered diet history questionnaire. The incidence of diabetes was determined in annual medical examinations over a 7-year period. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for diabetes were estimated after adjusting for age, BMI, family history, and dietary and other lifestyle factors.Results During the study, 170 participants developed diabetes. The crude incidence rates (/1000 person-years)across participants who were rare/never SSB consumers, <1 serving/week, ≥1 serving/week and <1 serving/day, and ≥1 serving/day were 15.5, 12.7, 14.9, and 17.4, respectively. The multivariate adjusted HR compared to rare/never SSB consumers was 1.35 (95% CI, 0.80-2.27) for participants who consumed ≥1 serving/day SSB. Diet soda consumption was significantly associated with the incident risk of diabetes (P for trend = 0.013), and multivariate-adjusted HRs compared to rare/never diet soda consumers were 1.05 (0.62-1.78) and 1.70 (1.13-2.55),respectively, for participants who consumed <1 serving/week and ≥1 serving/week.Conclusions Consumption of diet soda was significantly associated with an increased risk for diabetes in Japanese men. Diet soda is not always effective at preventing type 2 diabetes even though it is a zero-calorie drink.

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Epidemic obesity and type 2 diabetes in Asia

Cited by 1,376 publications

References 85 publications

Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in India

Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in India

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes among women with a previous history of gestational diabetes mellitus

Sugar-sweetened beverage and diet soda consumption and the 7-year risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged Japanese men

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