Epidemic <i>Escherichia coli</i> ST131 and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> ST17 in Coastal Marine Sediments from an Italian Beach

Vignaroli, Carla; Luna, Gian Marco; Pasquaroli, Sonia; Cesare, Andrea Di; Petruzzella, R.; Paroncini, Paolo; Biavasco, Francesca

doi:10.1021/es4019139

Cited by 48 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…Bacterial strains: phylogenetic grouping and clade assignment A collection of 138 E. coli strains isolated from coastal marine sediments collected by our group in the Adriatic Sea (Luna et al, 2010;Vignaroli et al, 2013) and tested for their antibiotic resistance and virulence traits (Luna et al, 2010;Vignaroli et al, 2012Vignaroli et al, , 2013 were screened to establish whether they could be assigned to one of the five cryptic clades.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence/absence of these DNA fragments led the strains to be assigned to phylogenetic groups A, B1, B2 or D (Luna et al, 2010;Vignaroli et al, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, the pathogenic potential of cryptic Escherichia strains from a set of 138 E. coli isolates, collected in marine sediments along the Adriatic coast (Luna et al, 2010;Vignaroli et al, 2013), was investigated by evaluating their adhesion and invasion properties in cell culture models. The genetic traits involved in gut colonization or associated with environmentally adapted strains were also assessed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adhesion of marine cryptic Escherichia isolates to human intestinal epithelial cells

et al. 2014

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Five distinct cryptic lineages (clades I-V) have recently been recognized in the Escherichia genus. The five clades encompass strains that are phenotypically and taxonomically indistinguishable from Escherichia coli sensu stricto; however, scant data are available on their ecology, virulence and pathogenic properties. In this study 20 cryptic E. coli strains isolated from marine sediments were investigated to gain insights into their virulence characteristics and genetic traits. The ability to adhere to intestinal cells was highest among clade V strains, which also harbored the genes involved in gut colonization as well as the genes (pduC and eut operon) typically found in environmentally adapted E. coli strains. The pduC gene was significantly associated with clade V. Multilocus sequence typing of three representative clade V isolates revealed new sequence types (STs) and showed that the strains shared two allelic loci (adk 51 and recA 37). Our findings suggest that cryptic Escherichia lineages are common in coastal marine sediments and that this habitat may be suitable for their growth and persistence outside the host. On the other hand, detection in clade V strains of a gene repertoire and adhesion properties similar to those of intestinal pathogenic strains could indicate their potential virulence. It could be argued that there is a dual nature of cryptic clade V strains, where the ability to survive and persist in a secondary habitat does not involve the loss of the host-associated lifestyle. Clade V could be a group of closely related, environmentally adapted E. coli strains.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence/absence of these DNA fragments led the strains to be assigned to phylogenetic groups A, B1, B2 or D (Luna et al, 2010;Vignaroli et al, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adhesion of marine cryptic Escherichia isolates to human intestinal epithelial cells

et al. 2014

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“…This clone has recently been detected in antimicrobial drug-resistant populations of E. coli in the Thames (London) (78) and Llobregat (Barcelona) (205) rivers, in WWTP outflow in Brno (the Czech Republic) (206), and on Adriatic Sea beaches (Italy) (207). The available prevalence data for ST131 as a proportion of the total ESBL-producing E. coli population show this prevalence to be high for the Thames (67%) and treated outflow water in Brno (73%) but low for Adriatic beaches (3.5%).…”

Section: Environmental E Coli St131mentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli ST131, an Intriguing Clonal Group

2014

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SUMMARY In 2008, a previously unknown Escherichia coli clonal group, sequence type 131 (ST131), was identified on three continents. Today, ST131 is the predominant E. coli lineage among extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) isolates worldwide. Retrospective studies have suggested that it may originally have risen to prominence as early as 2003. Unlike other classical group B2 ExPEC isolates, ST131 isolates are commonly reported to produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases, such as CTX-M-15, and almost all are resistant to fluoroquinolones. Moreover, ST131 E. coli isolates are considered to be truly pathogenic, due to the spectrum of infections they cause in both community and hospital settings and the large number of virulence-associated genes they contain. ST131 isolates therefore seem to contradict the widely held view that high levels of antimicrobial resistance are necessarily associated with a fitness cost leading to a decrease in pathogenesis. Six years after the first description of E. coli ST131, this review outlines the principal traits of ST131 clonal group isolates, based on the growing body of published data, and highlights what is currently known and what we need to find out to provide public health authorities with better information to help combat ST131.

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“…Additionally, infections due to ESBL-positive ST131 have been associated with international travel (26,(35)(36)(37). ST131 is also broadly disseminated among diverse nonhuman sources, including companion animals, other animals, food sources, and the environment (38)(39)(40)(41). However, the prevalence of ST131 colonization and infection is substantially greater among humans than among nonhuman hosts (42,43), evidence suggesting that the ST131 pandemic is primarily a human-based phenomenon.…”

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A New Clone Sweeps Clean: the Enigmatic Emergence of Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131

Banerjee

Johnson

2014

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

214

215

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E scherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) is a recently emerged, extensively antimicrobial-resistant E. coli clonal group that has spread explosively throughout the world, driving the rapid increase in prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in E. coli (1-5). Such widespread expansion of a single clonal group is unprecedented in E. coli populations, although it has been seen in other antimicrobial-resistant pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, and the NAP1 strain of Clostridium difficile (6, 7), and was foreshadowed by the notorious but less extensive expansion of E. coli "clonal group A" (8-10). Despite ST131 being recognized as a pandemic clonal group that threatens public health, ST131 has received comparatively less attention in the United States than have other antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. Here we review the epidemiology and molecular phylogeny of ST131, possible mechanisms for its ecological success, and implications of its widespread dissemination. EARLY STUDIES OF ST131 EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RESISTANCEST131, which is defined by the sequences of the 7 housekeeping genes that are commonly used for multilocus sequence typing (MLST) in E. coli according to the Achtman MLST scheme (http: //mlst.warwick.ac.uk/mlst/dbs/Ecoli), was first reported in 2008 by two research groups that were studying CTX-M-type extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli (2, 11). By 2009, ST131 had been identified in 9 countries spanning 3 continents (3-5). ST131 belongs to (virulence-associated) E. coli phylogenetic group B2, and most isolates exhibit serotype O25b:H4, except for a small subset that are serotype O16:H5 (12) and rare variants with other serotypes (13). ST131 is associated with distinct combinations of extraintestinal virulence factors, compared with non-ST131 E. coli (4,(14)(15)(16)(17), and exhibits diverse pulsedfield gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles, several of which predominate globally (18).According to recent studies, the prevalence of ST131 among human clinical E. coli isolates varies by geographic region and host population, ranging overall from 12.5% (19) to nearly 30% (15, 20, 21) of E. coli clinical isolates. Like other extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains, ST131 causes a variety of extraintestinal infections, including bacteremia, pneumonia, and urinary tract, intra-abdominal, and wound infections. Whether ST131 is associated with worse clinical outcomes than other E. coli strains is unclear, since some studies suggest that ST131 is more likely to cause persistent or recurrent urinary tract infections (20) or a higher frequency of sepsis (22), whereas others have found no difference in outcomes of infections with ST131 versus other E. coli strains (23, 24). In one study, patients infected with ST131 had persistent or recurrent symptoms in part because they received empirical therapy with fluoroquinolones (FQs), which are ineffective against most members of this clonal group (20).Regarding epidemiologi...

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Epidemic Escherichia coli ST131 and Enterococcus faecium ST17 in Coastal Marine Sediments from an Italian Beach

Cited by 48 publications

References 52 publications

Adhesion of marine cryptic Escherichia isolates to human intestinal epithelial cells

Adhesion of marine cryptic Escherichia isolates to human intestinal epithelial cells

Escherichia coli ST131, an Intriguing Clonal Group

A New Clone Sweeps Clean: the Enigmatic Emergence of Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131

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